RAPID: Infrastructural Failures and the Role of the Built Environment: The Case of the Winter Storm in Houston, Texas

RAPID：基础设施故障和建筑环境的作用：以德克萨斯州休斯顿冬季风暴为例

• 批准号: 2242636
• 负责人: So-Min Cheong
• 金额: $ 6.5万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2242636&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Infrastructural; Failures; Role; Built

This Grants for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project addresses the research question of how the built environment – housing and neighborhood – impact the susceptibility of older adults to infrastructure failures during the winter storm in Houston, Texas. Extreme weather events can have life threatening consequences for elder populations that are often more limited in mobility and hence more likely to stay in and around their residences. These threats can potentially be compounded by housing type and structure, neighborhood-scale infrastructure, and amenities, especially when accompanied by critical infrastructure failures such as power outages. Despite the significance of these built environmental factors, their significance and impact on the vulnerable population such as the older adult during disasters has not been examined closely. The arctic waves that hit Texas in 2021 provide an opportunity to fill these gaps and advance our understanding of how the built environment and neighborhood characteristics can have compounding or mitigating consequences for our elderly population’s vulnerabilities during extreme weather events. In addition, project findings can serve as starting points for the development of age-specific interventions, and potentially lead to the establishment of programs to improve geriatric disaster response thereby supporting NSF's mission of advancing the health, prosperity, and welfare of our nation’s communities.Specifically, this RAPID project investigates how elderly individuals were impacted based on single vs. multiple family housing (single family attached and detached, multi-family under and over 5, townhomes), housing qualities (insulation, ventilation, housing materials, energy efficiency, heater availability), and neighborhood amenities (shelters, generators, social service organizations, hospitals, transportation access, street conditions, safety). The project will also examine local responses by the government and social service organizations and their innovative solutions to an unprecedented disaster. Project findings will contribute to advancing knowledge on the role of housing types and structure as well as neighborhood-scale infrastructure in disaster impact and response to extreme weather events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该快速响应研究拨款 (RAPID) 项目解决了德克萨斯州休斯顿冬季风暴期间建筑环境（住房和社区）如何影响老年人对基础设施故障的敏感性的研究问题。这些威胁可能会因住房类型和结构、社区规模的基础设施和便利设施而加剧，尤其是在有关键基础设施的情况下。尽管出现断电等故障。这些建筑环境因素的重要性、其重要性以及在灾害期间对老年人等弱势群体的影响尚未得到仔细研究。2021 年袭击德克萨斯州的北极波浪为填补这些空白并增进我们对灾害如何发生的理解提供了机会。建成环境和社区特征可能会对老年人口在极端天气事件中的脆弱性产生复合或减轻影响。此外，项目研究结果可以作为制定针对特定年龄的干预措施的起点，并有可能导致制定改善计划。老年灾难响应支持 NSF 促进我们国家社区的健康、繁荣和福利的使命。具体来说，这个 RAPID 项目调查个人如何根据单户与多户住房（单户相连和独立、多户下层和独立式）对老年人产生影响。 5、联排别墅）、住房质量（隔热、通风、住房材料、能源效率、加热器可用性）以及社区设施（庇护所、发电机、社会服务组织、医院、交通便利、街道条件、安全）。还将研究政府和社会服务组织的当地应对措施及其针对前所未有的灾难的创新解决方案。项目研究结果将有助于增进对住房类型和结构以及社区规模基础设施在灾害影响和应对极端情况中的作用的了解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。