Diversity effects of trait-based zooplankton feeding interactions in a global ecosystem model

全球生态系统模型中基于性状的浮游动物摄食相互作用的多样性效应

• 批准号: 257415361
• 负责人: Dr. Friederike Prowe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/257415361?language=en
• 关键词: Diversity; effects; trait; based; zooplankton

A continuing loss of diversity observed across ecosystems raises the question of how diversity influences ecological and biogeochemical processes in the pelagic ocean. Global biogeochemical models are being used to examine interactions between diversity and biogeochemical cycles, but focus on more or less detailed descriptions and simulated distributions of phytoplankton. However, in such models feeding interactions by zooplankton can substantially affect plankton diversity and community structure, and thereby ocean ecosystem functions like primary production and the export of organic matter to the deep ocean. Feeding interactions in these models are typically characterized by oversimplified, static interactions and prescribed trophic links between zooplankton and phytoplankton functional groups. Such rigid feeding formulations may hinder the models' ability to capture reactions of the plankton community to biotic and abiotic changes. In contrast, alternative modelling techniques allowing more plasticity, such as optimality-based or adaptive dynamics models, are better suited to resolve diversity effects and may increase the models' potential to respond to environmental changes as, for example, expected in a future climate. However, such modelling techniques have yet to be employed on the global scale. In this project we want to examine the role of plankton traits and ecology, in particular diversity and community structure, in global biogeochemical cycles by incorporating flexible feeding interactions into a state-of-the-art global biogeochemistry-ecology-circulation model. We will extrapolate process models obtained from the literature and, in a later stage, available from Dynatrait developed for individual settings, experiments, or locations to the global scale. This upscaling will allow us to evaluate effects of trait plasticity and variation on large-scale diversity patterns under different environmental conditions imposing both temporal and geographical constraints. Specific research questions within this approach are:1. How do flexible trophic interactions affect simulated regional and global patterns of plankton diversity and community structure compared to traditional rigid formulations?2. How does zooplankton diversity (not previously considered in global models) affect the simulated plankton community dynamics, diversity and ecosystem functioning?3. How do simulated future environmental changes influence the community dynamics and the relationship between diversity and large-scale ecosystem functions?

在生态系统中观察到的多样性的持续丧失提出了一个问题，即多样性如何影响上层海洋生态和生物地球化学过程。全球生物地球化学模型被用于检查多样性和生物地球化学周期之间的相互作用，但专注于或多或少详细的描述和浮游植物的模拟分布。但是，在这样的模型中，浮游动物的相互作用可能会大大影响浮游生物的多样性和社区结构，从而使海洋生态系统的功能诸如初级生产以及将有机物出口出口到深海。这些模型中的喂养相互作用通常以过度简化的静态相互作用和浮游植物和浮游植物功能组之间的营养联系的特征。这种刚性喂养的配方可能会阻碍模型捕获浮游生物社区对生物和非生物变化的反应的能力。相比之下，允许更多可塑性（例如基于最佳或适应性动力学模型）的替代建模技术更适合解决多样性效应，并可能增加模型对环境变化的反应潜力，例如，例如在未来的气候中预期。但是，这种建模技术尚未在全球范围内采用。在这个项目中，我们希望通过将灵活的喂养相互作用融入到最先进的全球生物地球化学生物传播模型中，以研究全球生物地球化学周期中浮游生物特征和生态学，尤其是多样性和社区结构的作用。我们将推断从文献获得的过程模型，并在以后的阶段获得，可从Dynatrait中获得，用于全球规模的各个设置，实验或位置。这种进行尺度的效果将使我们能够评估特质可塑性和变化对在不同环境条件下施加时间和地理约束的大规模多样性模式的影响。这种方法中的具体研究问题是：1。与传统的刚性配方相比，柔性营养相互作用如何影响浮游生物多样性和社区结构的模拟区域和全球模式？2。浮游动物多样性（以前在全球模型中未考虑）如何影响模拟的浮游生物社区动态，多样性和生态系统功能？3。模拟的未来环境变化如何影响社区动态以及多样性与大规模生态系统功能之间的关系？