Control of Shoot apex indeterminacy by TERMINAL FLOWER1

通过 TERMINAL FLOWER1 控制芽尖不确定性

• 批准号: 2319036
• 负责人: Doris Wagner
• 金额: $ 91万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-15 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2319036&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Control; Shoot; apex; indeterminacy; TERMINAL

Shoot architecture – the branching pattern of a shoot and when/where it forms flowers - is important for plants in natural environments to make sufficient offspring in the growing season and for yield (biomass or fruits/seeds) in crops. The Wagner lab is investigating a protein that regulates shoot architecture in all flowering plants. The long-term goal of this project is to precisely modulate shoot architecture for different environmental conditions and for different plant uses, leafy vegetables and biofuels on one hand or fruits and grains on the other. To achieve this goal, the lab is coupling inducible genetic manipulations with high resolution spatial and temporal measurements changes in the accumulation of unknown regulators of shoot architecture that will help fine-tune this process. Besides finding sustainable solutions for enhancing food security, societal benefits include training 20 undergraduate students in research important for this proposal in two semester-long Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CURE) laboratory courses. Based on in vivo data and modeling, a key determinant of shoot architecture is the time at which the main shoot and the lateral primordia adopt floral fate. Work by many laboratories points to a pivotal role of the TERMINAL FLOWER1 gene and its orthologs in preventing determinacy (flower fate) of the shoot apex. In tfl1 mutants, the shoot becomes a terminal flower leading to differentiation of the above ground stem cell pool. In this proposal we address the fundamental developmental biology question how maintenance (indeterminacy) or differentiation (determinacy) of the stem cells in the shoot apex are controlled by TFL1. Moreover, reduced TFL1 accumulation or activity revolutionized several crops including tomato, soybean, and cotton because shoot determinacy enables sustainable yield increases by allowing dense planting. Yet how TFL1 accumulation is controlled is poorly understood. We will identify enhancers and transcription factors that promote TFL1 upregulation in the shoot apex. It is also not known how TFL1 blocks determinacy. We will define key direct TFL1- repressed genes and pathways in the shoot that promote differentiation of the stem cell pool containing shoot apex. Insight gained will advance understanding of the switch from stem cell maintenance to differentiation at the shoot apex, how shoot architecture is controlled, and help enable future tailored engineering of agronomically important traits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

射击体系结构 - 芽的分支模式以及当/何时形成花的地方 - 对于自然环境中的植物来说，在生长季节和农作物中的产量（生物量或水果/种子）中产生足够的后代。瓦格纳实验室正在研究一种调节所有开花植物中芽结构的蛋白质。该项目的长期目标是精确调节不同环境条件的射击体系结构，以及不同的植物用途，一方面的绿叶蔬菜和生物燃料，另一方面是水果和谷物。为了实现这一目标，该实验室是将诱导的遗传操作耦合，并具有高分辨率的空间和临时测量结果的变化，而未知的芽结构调节剂的积累会有助于微调此过程。除了找到增强粮食安全的可持续解决方案外，社会福利还包括培训20名本科生在研究中重要的研究中，这是两个学期的基于课程的本科研究经验（CURE）实验室课程。基于体内数据和建模，射击体系结构的关键确定基因是主要射击和侧向原始植物采用花卉命运的时间。许多实验室的工作表明，末端花1基因及其直系同源物在防止芽顶确定（花命运）中的关键作用。在TFL1突变体中，芽成为末端花，导致地面干细胞池的分化。在此提案中，我们解决了基本发育生物学问题的问题，如何由TFL1控制芽中干细胞中干细胞的维持（不确定性）或分化（确定性）。此外，TFL1的积累或活动减少彻底改变了包括番茄，大豆和棉花在内的几种农作物，因为射击确定可以通过允许茂密的种植来增加可持续的产量。然而，如何控制TFL1的积累尚未理解。我们将确定促进射击顶点中TFL1上调的增强子和转录因子。也不知道TFL1块如何确定。我们将在芽中定义关键的直接TFL1抑制基因和途径，从而促进含有芽的顶点的干细胞池的分化。获得的洞察力将使人们了解从干细胞维护到射击顶点的差异化，如何控制射击体系结构，并有助于实现未来对农艺上重要特征的量身定制的工程。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来审查Criteria，通过评估来诚实地通过评估来诚实地支持。