SCC-IRG Track 1 - Behavior-driven Building Safety and Emergency Management for Campus Communities

SCC-IRG 第 1 轨 - 校园社区行为驱动的建筑安全和应急管理

• 批准号: 2318559
• 负责人: Burcin Becerik-Gerber
• 金额: $ 156.5万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318559&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SCC; IRG; Track; Behavior; driven

Campus communities are vulnerable to a wide range of emergencies such as active shooter incidents and fires, exposing students, teachers, and other members to significant risks. This Smart and Connected Communities Integrative Research Grant (SCC-IRG) project aims to explore new ways in which human behaviors are systemically and robustly incorporated into building design and emergency protocols. Specifically, the focus of the project is to understand how people in different roles respond to building emergencies, both individually and collectively, with empirical data collected from human-subject experiments, behavioral theories, and insights from domain experts. Intelligent crowd simulations are developed to represent the goals, preferences, and actions of diverse groups of building occupants as well as their interactions with others and the environment. The research team works synergistically with a range of campus community stakeholders, including first responders, law enforcement and emergency management personnel, and building designers to parameterize, validate, and test the crowd simulation. Appropriate applications are identified to mitigate safety and health risks. Underrepresented and underprivileged students are recruited into the research activities. Furthermore, the team explores the generalizability of the methodology, datasets, and research findings to non-building emergencies and non-campus communities.Current crowd simulations for examining building emergencies often rely on oversimplified assumptions about human behaviors, lack cross-examination in different emergency contexts, and overlook the varied needs of stakeholders. To address these gaps, this project considers two common yet distinctive building emergencies (i.e., active shooter incidents, and fires) that are common in campus communities, and holistically models the impact of personal, social, and environmental factors on human behaviors of building occupants. The team implements agent-based models and develops multi-agent crowd simulations that capture individual and collective behaviors based on a highly reconfigurable and adaptable decision-theoretic framework. The team also engages campus stakeholders as well as other community members in a series of workshops to co-create likely and representative emergency scenarios. By allowing for exploring the outcomes of such “what-if” scenarios, the crowd simulation software has the potential to serve as a valuable tool for building designers, facility operators, and emergency managers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

校园社区容易受到各种紧急情况的影响，例如枪击事件和火灾，使学生、教师和其他成员面临重大风险。这项智能互联社区综合研究补助金 (SCC-IRG) 项目旨在探索解决这一问题的新方法。该项目的重点是通过从人体实验、行为学和行为学中收集的经验数据，了解不同角色的人们如何具体和集体地应对建筑紧急情况理论，以及研究团队与一系列校园社区利益相关者协同工作，开发了智能人群模拟来代表不同建筑居住者群体的目标、偏好和行为，以及他们与他人和环境的互动。急救人员、执法和应急管理人员以及建筑设计师对人群模拟进行参数化、验证和测试，以减轻安全和健康风险。该团队探索了方法、数据集和研究结果对非建筑紧急情况和非校园社区的普遍性。当前用于检查建筑紧急情况的人群模拟通常依赖于对人类行为的过于简单化的假设，缺乏在不同紧急情况下的交叉检验，为了解决这些差距，该项目考虑了校园社区中常见的两种常见但又独特的建筑紧急情况（即枪击事件和火灾），并进行了整体建模。该团队实施了基于主体的模型，并开发了基于高度可重构和适应性强的决策理论团队的多主体群体模拟，以捕获个人和集体行为。还让校园利益相关者以及其他社区成员参加一系列研讨会，共同创建可能的、具有代表性的紧急情况场景。通过允许探索此类“假设”场景的结果，人群模拟软件有潜力发挥作用。一个有价值的构建工具该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。