EFRI ELiS : Carbon Sequestration and Coastal Resilience Through 3D Printed Reefs

EFRI ELiS：通过 3D 打印珊瑚礁实现碳封存和海岸恢复力

• 批准号: 2318123
• 负责人: Warda Ashraf
• 金额: $ 198.77万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Arlington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318123&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EFRI; ELiS; Carbon; Sequestration; Coastal; EFRI; ELiS; Carbon; Sequestration; Coastal

Natural reefs and their connected ecosystem play a vital role in sequestering carbon dioxide and in protecting coastal areas from climate change-induced extreme events, such as hurricanes, flooding, etc. Unfortunately, climate change-induced ocean acidification has damaged nearly 40% of the reefs and the dependent ecosystem. While artificial reefs with a wide range of materials have been constructed in the past few decades, the environmental impact and longevity of most of these materials remain concerning. To find a solution, this project will investigate the use of self-healing carbon-sequestering composite materials for artificial reef construction that will enable storage of carbon dioxide while also protecting coastal areas from rising seas and extreme floods. The successful completion of this project will benefit society by identifying a novel pathway to protect coastal communities from the immediate hazards of climate change and contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Additional benefits to society will be achieved through student education and training, including the mentoring of three graduate students at the University of Texas at Arlington, a graduate and undergraduate student at Texas A&M University-Kingsville, a graduate student at the University of Texas-Dallas, and a graduate student at Texas A&M University.This project aims to establish a novel pathway to design living engineered reefs that will enhance coastal resilience, store carbon, and restore habitat. The research goals are to: (i) investigate the process-structure-property relation of the self-healing carbon-negative composites to attain maximum carbon sequestration capacity with superior longevity in seawater; (ii) understand the interactions across carbon-negative composites, surface algal, and microbial biofilms to ensure the settlement and growth of calcareous organisms on engineered reefs; (iii) investigate wave-structure interactions of 3D-printed engineered reefs via laboratory experiments to identify the optimal shape and void ratios of the reefs that will enable adequate wave attenuation while also providing habitat to marine life; and (iv) perform coastal hydrodynamic modeling to identify the optimal geophysical setup for deployment (location, dimensions, orientation) at which the engineered reef structure would produce quantifiable flood reduction in response to compound hazards of inland hydrologic variations, storm surge, ground subsidence, and sea level rise. In addition to research, the project team will provide hands-on learning opportunities to high school students via workshops on the STEM topics involved in this project including carbon sequestration, 3D printing, marine biology, and coastal flood modeling. The project team will also engage underserved communities through multiple workshops in collaboration with the Nature Conservancy and the Texas Sea Grant.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自然礁石及其连接的生态系统在隔离二氧化碳以及保护沿海地区免受气候变化引起的极端事件（例如飓风，洪水等）中起着至关重要的作用。不幸的是，气候变化引起的海洋酸化已损害了近40％的礁石和依赖的生态系统。尽管在过去的几十年中已经建造了具有广泛材料的人造礁石，但这些材料中大多数的环境影响和寿命仍然令人担忧。为了找到解决方案，该项目将调查使用自我修复的碳序列复合材料用于人造礁石结构，该材料将使二氧化碳储存，同时还可以保护沿海地区免受上升的海洋和极端洪水的侵害。该项目的成功完成将通过确定保护沿海社区免受气候变化的直接危害并有助于减少温室气体排放的新颖途径，从而使社会受益。 将通过学生的教育和培训来实现社会的其他好处，包括在德克萨斯大学阿灵顿大学的三名研究生指导，德克萨斯州A＆M大学 - 金斯维尔的研究生兼本科生，德克萨斯 - 瓦拉斯大学的研究生，德克萨斯大学A＆M University的研究生级别的研究生，以建立一家小说沿岸的小说沿途，以设计活着的沿途培养精力的途径。栖息地。研究目标是：（i）研究自我修复的碳阴性复合材料的过程结构 - 性能关系，以实现最大的碳封存能力，并具有较高的海水寿命； （ii）了解碳阴性复合材料，表面藻类和微生物生物膜之间的相互作用，以确保钙质生物在工程礁石上的沉降和生长； （iii）通过实验室实验研究3D打印工程礁石的波浪结构相互作用，以确定珊瑚礁的最佳形状和空隙比，这将使足够的波浪衰减，同时也为海洋生物提供栖息地； （iv）执行沿海流体动力建模，以确定用于部署的最佳地球物理设置（位置，维度，方向），在该设置中，工程礁结构将产生可量化的洪水，以响应内陆水文变化，风暴涌现，地面沉积和海平面上升的化合物危害。除研究外，项目团队还将通过有关该项目涉及的STEM主题的研讨会为高中生提供动手学习机会，包括碳固存，3D打印，海洋生物学和沿海洪水建模。该项目团队还将通过多个讲习班与自然保护协会和德克萨斯州的赠款合作吸引服务不足的社区。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。