Collaborative Research: GLOW: Iron Redox Reactions in Magma Oceans and Differentiation of Rocky Planets

合作研究：GLOW：岩浆海洋中的铁氧化还原反应和岩石行星的分异

• 批准号: 2317025
• 负责人: Catherine Macris
• 金额: $ 3.55万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2317025&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; GLOW; Iron; Redox

Earth’s mantle is far more oxidized than its building blocks. The oxidation of the mantle has a large effect on our planet’s habitability. Because of the oxidation, our atmosphere contains enough oxygen to support life. One theory suggests that mantle oxidation occurred during the “magma ocean” stage of Earth’s history. When early Earth was still molten and forming, it was covered by a hot and deep ocean of magma. Studying the oxidation process is important for understanding the role of the magma ocean in making Earth habitable. Scientists also want to know how this process applies to other planets and exoplanets. This research project will bring together geoscientists and astronomers to study how planets become habitable through mantle oxidation. The project will also create educational materials and answer questions about the relationship between geology and life. This Geoscience Lessons for and from Other Worlds (GLOW) award will enable researchers to conduct experiments at pressures, temperatures, and compositions directly relevant to silicate-metal reactions in magma oceans of Earth and Earth-like planets. The experiments will use peridotite glass starting materials synthesized in a levitation furnace. The samples will be subjected to pressures and temperatures up to 140 GPa and 6000 K in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The products will be analyzed for their ferric and ferrous iron ratio using synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The experimental results will be incorporated into a thermodynamic model that will allow prediction of the oxidation of a planetary mantle and its habitability, depending on the size of the planet and the conditions of formation of its core.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球的地幔远比其基本块多得多。地幔的氧化对我们星球的宜居性具有很大影响。由于氧化，我们的大气含有足够的氧气来维持生命。一种理论表明，地幔氧化发生在地球历史的“岩浆海洋”阶段。当早期地球仍在熔融并形成时，它被岩浆的热和深海覆盖。研究氧化过程对于理解岩浆海洋在使地球居住中的作用很重要。科学家还想知道该过程如何应用于其他行星和系外行星。该研究项目将汇集地球科学家和天文学家，以研究行星如何通过地幔氧化变得可居住。该项目还将创建教育材料，并回答有关地质与生活之间关系的问题。这项针对其他世界（GLOW）奖的地球科学课程将使研究人员能够对与地球和类似地球的行星岩浆海洋中的有机硅 - 金属反应直接相关的压力，温度和成分进行实验。实验将使用在悬浮炉中合成的橄榄石玻璃起始材料。在激光加热的钻石砧细胞中，样品将受到高达140 GPA和6000 K的压力和温度。将使用Mössbauer谱法分析产品的铁和亚铁比。实验结果将纳入热力学模型中，该模型将允许预测行星地幔的氧化及其可居住性，具体取决于行星的大小和形成的核心条件。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。