Collaborative Research: Geophysical Campaign to Image CZ Structure Along Hillslope Gradients in the Neotropics

合作研究：新热带地区沿山坡梯度的 CZ 结构成像地球物理运动

• 批准号: 2233556
• 负责人: Kristina Keating
• 金额: $ 36.31万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2233556&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Geophysical; Campaign; Image

The Amazon forest is the largest stand of tropical rainforest on Earth. It hosts the highest diversity of plants and animals, many not yet documented. The Amazon forest regulates the climate not just over the Amazon but also globally, by sending large amounts of water vapor into the air and by pulling carbon dioxide from the air, both important for maintaining the stability of our climate system. The source of water to support trees in the Amazon is not clear, particularly in the dry season when areas can go without rain for extended periods of time. This project will investigate subsurface water storage in the Amazon, and the extent to which that storage is recharged during wet periods. Geophysical tools will be used to “see” the subsurface structure below the forests. Geophysical tools send waves into the ground and receive the bounced back signal, which can be analyzed to get an image of the material structure below the ground. The project is a collaboration with three Brazilian scientists, trains two US and two Brazilian students, and the work will generate educational materials for universities in both countries. This project will conduct seasonal geophysical campaigns, near the end of wet (April-May) and dry (October-November) seasons, over 2-3 years to image the subsurface structure and seasonal water storage dynamics, at two sites in Brazil (a rainforest and a savanna site), already well established by a collaborating Brazilian team to study vegetation drought resilience. Tasks include 2D seismic refraction and electric resistivity tomography and 1D nuclear magnetic resonance surveys, along hill-valley transects at each site. Detailed analyses and integrative modeling will be used to test hypotheses on the hydrologic function of different subsurface zones and their role in buffering vegetation drought responses. The project will create educational modules on how the belowground dynamics interact with aboveground vegetation in the Amazon.This project is jointly funded by Hydrologic Sciences and the Division of Earth Sciences to support projects that increase research capabilities, capacity and infrastructure at a wide variety of institution types, as outlined in the GEO EMBRACE DCL.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

亚马逊森林是地球上最大的热带雨林，拥有最丰富的植物和动物，其中许多尚未被记录。亚马逊森林通过输送大量的水蒸气，不仅调节着亚马逊地区的气候，还调节着全球的气候。亚马逊地区树木的水源尚不清楚，特别是在旱季，因为该地区可能会长时间没有降雨。该项目将调查地下水储存情况。亚马逊，以及在潮湿时期储存的补给程度将用于“观察”森林下方的地下结构。地球物理工具将波发送到地面并接收反射回来的信号。该项目与三名巴西科学家合作，培训了两名美国和两名巴西学生，该项目将为两国的大学制作教育材料。雨季接近尾声（四月至五月）在巴西的两个地点（雨林和稀树草原地点），用 2-3 年的时间对旱季（10 月至 11 月）进行地下结构和季节性蓄水动态成像，这两个地点已经由巴西植被研究合作团队建立。任务包括沿每个地点的山谷横断面进行二维地震折射和电阻率断层扫描以及一维核磁共振调查。用于测试不同地下区域的水文功能及其在缓冲植被干旱反应中的作用的假设。该项目将创建有关亚马逊地下动态如何与地上植被相互作用的教育模块。该项目由水文科学和正如 GEO EMBRACE DCL 中所述，地球科学部支持旨在提高各种机构类型的研究能力、能力和基础设施的项目。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。