Collaborative Research: RUI: Life history strategies within a population depend on cellular and organismal traits that underlie differences in resource acquisition and allocation

合作研究：RUI：群体内的生活史策略取决于细胞和有机体特征，这些特征是资源获取和分配差异的基础

• 批准号: 2314380
• 负责人: Mark Haussmann
• 金额: $ 58.24万
• 依托单位: Bucknell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-12-01 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2314380&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; Life; history

All organisms need energy to fuel the biological processes of life. In general, this energy can be allocated to three broad categories: growth, self-maintenance, and reproduction. Said in another way, organisms can allocate acquired energy to grow their body to achieve a larger size, to repair and maintain their body to live longer, or to reproduce and create the new bodies of their offspring. However energy is limiting, so if more is invested into growth, less can be invested into self-maintenance and reproduction. This results in allocation trade-offs, where some individuals are better at growing, while others may be able to attain extreme longevity. While these patterns generally hold in animals, in many species scientist’s observe certain individuals who appear to be able to do it all with few consequences, but little is known about how this occurs. This proposal studies a long-lived seabird, Leach's storm-petrels, that has been studied continuously for the past 70 years. This work has revealed that while we have many individuals who show the expected allocation trade-offs there are also many that somehow have escaped that trade-off. Our work explores the molecular and cellular processes that underlie the ability to avoid this trade-off. This work is focused on a fundamental question in biology, and will help us to understand how molecular processes and organismal performance affect longevity. This work also strongly supports undergraduate science education, and will result in the development of inquiry-based scientific modules used in middle school and high school classrooms.Factors driving the evolution of diverse life history strategies both within and between species remain a fundamental question in ecology and evolutionary biology. Because resources are finite, many life history traits are subject to intrinsic trade-offs. However, theoretical models have proposed that variation in individual acquisition of resources can produce apparent positive correlations between investment in reproduction and investment in survival instead of the expected trade-off. This proposal tests these models by examining phenotypic variation in strategies to balance the trade-off between current reproduction and survival in a long-lived seabird, Leach's storm-petrels (Hydrobates leucorhous), that has been studied continuously since 1953. This proposal has three primary objectives: 1) to better understand the molecular, cellular, and organismal performance traits that underlie the observed variation in trade-off strategies in this population, and 2) to determine if individuals who appear to escape the trade-off do so via higher foraging efficiency as proposed in theoretical models, and 3) to determine whether these trade-off strategies are fixed or plastic in response to environmental variability. The proposed research is informed by a 70-year demographic data set, and utilizes (i) a combination of novel technology and molecular tools to understand the molecular, cellular, and organismal performance traits that underlie the observed variation in trade-off strategies, and (ii) experimental manipulations to explore whether these strategies are fixed or plastic.This project is jointly funded by the Integrative Ecological Physiology Program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

所有生物都需要能量来推动生命的生物过程。通常，这种能量可以分配给三个广泛的类别：增长，自我维护和繁殖。说，有机体可以分配获得的能量以增强身体以达到更大的尺寸，修复和维持其身体更长的寿命，或者繁殖并创建其后代的新体。但是能量是有限的，因此，如果将更多的投资用于增长，那么可以将更少的投资用于自我维护和繁殖。这导致分配权衡，其中有些人会更好地成长，而另一些人也可能能够实现极端的寿命。尽管这些模式通常存在于动物中，但在许多物种中，科学家观察到某些人似乎能够做到这一切，但几乎没有后果，但对这种情况的发生知之甚少。该提议研究了一只长寿命的海鸟，即Leach的暴风雨，该海鸟在过去的70年中一直在不断研究。这项工作表明，尽管我们有许多人表明了预期的分配权衡，但许多人也以某种方式逃脱了这一权衡。我们的工作探讨了避免这种权衡的能力的基础的分子和细胞过程。这项工作的重点是生物学的基本问题，并将帮助我们了解分子过程和有机性能如何影响寿命。这项工作还强烈支持本科科学教育，并将导致在中学和高中教室中使用的基于询问的科学模块的发展。驱动物种内部和物种之间的发展策略的进化仍然是生态学和进化生物学的基本问题。由于资源是有限的，因此许多生活历史特征都需要内在的权衡。但是，理论模型提出，个人获取资源的差异可以产生繁殖投资与生存投资之间的明显正相关，而不是预期的权衡。该提案通过检查策略的表型变化来平衡当前繁殖与生存之间的权衡，从而在长寿的海鸟中平衡权衡取舍，从1953年以来一直在不断地研究了自1953年以来的基本目的：1），以更好地了解分子，细胞和有机性特征的变化，从而不断研究，这是从1953年进行的，自1953年。确定似乎逃脱权衡的个人是通过理论模型中提出的较高的觅食效率和3）确定这些权衡策略是固定的还是响应环境变异性的塑料。拟议的研究通过了70年的人口统计数据集，并利用（i）新型技术和分子工具的结合来了解分子，细胞和有机性能的特征，这些特征是构成权衡策略变化的差异的基础的分子，细胞和有机性能，以及（ii）实验性的研究，这些策略是固定的还是塑料的。 （EPSCOR）。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估诚实地表示支持。