Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Multi-site Fabry-Perot Interferometer Measurements of Thermospheric Neutral Winds and Temperatures in Western South America

合作研究：CEDAR：南美洲西部热层中性风和温度的多站点法布里-珀罗干涉仪测量

• 批准号: 2230439
• 负责人: John Meriwether
• 金额: $ 18.42万
• 依托单位: New Jersey Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2230439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CEDAR; Multi; site

The complex processes occurring in the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) coupled system have been historically studied using both space-borne and ground-based instrumentation such as the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI), an instrument capable of measuring thermospheric winds near 250 km. A particularly important region including the geomagnetic equator that has remained largely unsampled with respect to these winds is the area of the Western South America (WSA) extending from 35°S to 5°S. The relationship between the speed and direction of these winds and the plasma dynamics within the WSA caused by the Appleton fountain effect over the geomagnetic equator has remained largely unexplored. The objective of this award is to advance the current understanding of the equatorial thermospheric and ionospheric dynamics within the WSA sector. The deployment of a large-scale meridional chain of FPI instruments combined with the existing all- sky imaging systems would serve as an important and resourceful tool for space weather research. The project will significantly enhance the collaboration between US and international researchers. At the new FPI site, where limited educational and technological resources exist, educational outreach activities will include visiting local schools and engaging students in STEM topics. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in this project.The first objective of this project is to improve the current understanding of the IT dynamics in the WSA region extending across the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic equator using simultaneous data from three Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) already in operation. The other objective of this project is to combine the FPI data with the all-sky imagers (ASIs) data to support studies of the Midnight Temperature Maximum and Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) and Equatorial Spread-F that affect the dynamics of the IT system. A new FPI instrument will be deployed to a site in Argentina to observe thermospheric winds and temperatures close to the southern EIA crest. This deployment will create a chain of FPIs evenly separated by ~ 7o that would measure wind and temperature parameters in a 2000 km latitude span with four sites. The project will provide long-term regional neutral winds and temperatures in WSA that will help understand how the dynamics of the low latitude region are affected by the presence of a spatially and temporally variable EIA.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电离层-热层 (IT) 耦合系统中发生的复杂过程历史上一直使用星载和地面仪器进行研究，例如法布里-珀罗干涉仪 (FPI)，这是一种能够测量 250 公里附近热层风的仪器。包括地磁赤道在内的一个特别重要的区域，即从南纬 35° 延伸到南纬 5° 的南美洲西部 (WSA) 区域，在很大程度上仍未对这些风进行采样。这些风的速度和方向与地磁赤道上阿普尔顿喷泉效应引起的 WSA 内等离子体动力学之间的关系在很大程度上尚未得到探索。该奖项的目的是增进目前对赤道热层和电离层动力学的理解。大规模经向链 FPI 仪器与现有全天成像系统的部署将成为空间天气研究的重要且资源丰富的工具，将显着加强合作。在教育和技术资源有限的新 FPI 站点上，教育推广活动将包括参观当地学校以及让本科生和研究生参与该项目。该项目的另一个目标是利用来自三个已投入运行的法布里-珀罗干涉仪 (FPI) 的同步数据，提高对 WSA 区域跨越赤道电离异常 (EIA) 和磁赤道的 IT 动态的了解。该项目旨在将 FPI 数据与全天成像仪 (ASI) 数据相结合，以支持对影响 IT 系统 A 动态的午夜最高温度和中等尺度移动电离层扰动 (MSTID) 和赤道传播-F 的研究。新的 FPI 仪器将部署到阿根廷的一个地点，以观测靠近 EIA 南部波峰的热层风和温度。这种部署将创建一系列均匀间隔约 7 度的 FPI。该项目将通过四个站点测量 2000 公里纬度范围内的风和温度参数，该项目将提供 WSA 的长期区域中性风和温度，这将有助于了解低纬度地区的动态如何受到存在的影响。空间和时间上可变的 EIA。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。