ORCC: Uniting long-term field experiments and modern genomics to prepare sustainable crops for the future

ORCC：结合长期田间实验和现代基因组学，为未来准备可持续作物

• 批准号: 2308194
• 负责人: Nolan Kane
• 金额: $ 116.77万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308194&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ORCC; Uniting; long; term; field

As climate warms globally, flowering time, animal migrations, insect emergence, and other harbingers of spring occur earlier on average than in centuries past. However, the genetic and environmental drivers behind these changes is not always clear, nor are the consequences of shifts in timing. Analyzing decades of sunflower field trials across dozens of sites, we will evaluate how particular plant genotypes grow, flower, and set seed under varying field conditions, and how the timing of their flowering interacts with environment to affect yield. We will then use detailed genomic information to characterize the specific genes underlying flowering time and performance under a diversity of climate conditions. This research will facilitate breeding for improved climate resilience critical for food security and for reducing environmental costs of agricultural production. Phenological shifts are the most well-documented organismal trait response to climate change. However, the genetic underpinnings of these changes and their adaptive significance are largely unknown outside of model systems. We aim to quantify the importance of phenology to plant performance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in diverse field environments including examining the plasticity in timing of flowering associated with key climate variables; identifying the genetic variation underlying flowering time and plasticity; and incorporating that information into sunflower breeding programs. Flowering timing (phenology) is regulated by a well-characterized network of genes that respond to known environmental and developmental signals in controlled conditions in sunflowers and other species. Our research builds on this foundational work to investigate the genetics of climate adaptation and translate functional genetic information into predictive models of plant performance under heterogeneous field conditions. Using yield, timing, genomic, and trait data for thousands of genotypes planted in dozens of field sites over 5 decades, we will evaluate hypotheses about how an entire network of genes affects phenology and fitness across broad spatial and temporal scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着全球气候温暖，开花时间，动物迁移，昆虫的出现和其他春季预兆的平均时间比过去几个世纪以来。但是，这些变化背后的遗传和环境驱动因素并不总是很清楚，时间转移的后果也不总是清楚。分析数十年的数十个地点的葵花籽野外试验，我们将评估特定的植物基因型在不同的田间条件下如何生长，开花和固定种子，以及开花的时间与环境的相互作用如何影响产量。然后，我们将使用详细的基因组信息来表征在多种气候条件下开花时间和性能的特定基因。这项研究将促进繁殖，以改善对粮食安全至关重要的气候弹性，并降低农业生产的环境成本。物候转移是对气候变化的有机物性状反应最有据可查的。但是，这些变化的遗传基础及其适应性意义在模型系统之外在很大程度上是未知的。我们的目的是量化物候对在多种野外环境中生长的向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）中植物性能的重要性，包括研究与关键气候变量相关的开花时机的可塑性；确定开花时间和可塑性的遗传变异；并将这些信息纳入向日葵育种计划。开花时间（物候）受到良好特征的基因网络的调节，该网络在向日葵和其他物种的受控条件下响应已知的环境和发育信号。我们的研究以这项基础工作为基础，以研究气候适应的遗传学，并将功能遗传信息转化为在异质场条件下植物性能的预测模型。使用屈服，时间，基因组和性状数据，用于在数十年中种植的数千种基因型，我们将评估有关整个基因网络如何影响整个空间和时间范围的物候和适应性的假设，这是NSF的法定任务，并反映了由Infectirial the Intelliatial and Intelliatial and Intelliatial and Intelliatial and Intelliatial的奖励。