Factors affecting provisioning and foraging in rapidly changing landscapes

在快速变化的景观中影响供给和觅食的因素

• 批准号: 2222891
• 负责人: Erin Riley
• 金额: $ 32.98万
• 依托单位: San Diego State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222891&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Factors; affecting; provisioning; foraging; rapidly

Foraging decisions affect nutrition, social relationships, and between-population encounters. Humans and animals may come into conflict over shared resources, affecting subsistence in both cases. Despite significant research on what leads to specific foraging decisions, little is known about how recent, rapid, dramatic changes in landscape affect what an individual chooses to eat and where. Individual differences interact with cultural variation in provisioning to affect the costs and benefits of specific foraging decisions in such contexts. To understand these complex dynamics, this project uses theoretical models from biocultural anthropology to investigate the factors affecting decisions to forage and provision in a rapidly changing social and ecological landscape. The project supports early-career researchers based at two minority-serving institutions, multi-institution collaborations, and student training. It disseminates research broadly to academic and non-academic audiences and develops statistical software and educational curricula to facilitate knowledge generation and spread. The researchers focus on how primates and people interact and mutually impact one another’s behavior in contexts where agricultural intensification is rapidly modifying traditional landscapes. Specifically, the project goals are to: 1) determine how human-modified habitats shape macaque behavior; 2) examine people’s motivations to engage in interactions with macaques; and 3) develop novel statistical methods to examine social networks and behavior. To accomplish these objectives, the project team collects longitudinal data on macaque social and ranging behavior, human-macaque interactions, and forest food availability data, and conducts ethnographic interviews. This research can advance knowledge and understanding of collective decision making, how primates adapt to expanding anthropogenic pressures, and the factors driving human-wildlife interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

觅食决策会影响营养、社会关系和种群间的接触。人类和动物可能会因共享资源而发生冲突，从而影响这两种情况的生存。尽管对导致特定觅食决策的原因进行了大量研究，但人们对具体觅食决策的发生时间和速度知之甚少。景观的巨大变化会影响个体选择吃什么以及在哪里吃食物，个体差异与食物供应的文化差异相互作用，从而影响在这种情况下特定觅食决策的成本和收益。为了理解这些复杂的动态，该项目使用了生物文化的理论模型。人类学来调查该项目支持两个少数族裔服务机构的早期职业研究人员、多机构合作和学生培训。研究人员致力于研究灵长类动物和人类在农业集约化迅速改变传统景观的背景下如何相互作用并相互影响彼此的行为。项目目标是：1）确定人类改造的栖息地如何影响猕猴的行为；2）研究人们与猕猴互动的动机；3）开发新的统计方法来检查社交网络和行为。研究小组收集了有关猕猴社会和放牧行为、人与猕猴相互作用以及森林食物供应数据的纵向数据，并进行了人种学访谈，这项研究可以增进对集体决策、灵长类动物如何适应不断扩大的人类活动的认识和理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。