Collaborative Research: Active and Passive Seismic Imaging of the Three-Dimensional Structure and Magma System beneath the Summit of Kilauea Volcano

合作研究：基拉韦厄火山顶下三维结构和岩浆系统的主动和被动地震成像

• 批准号: 2218645
• 负责人: Guoqing Lin
• 金额: $ 69.97万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2218645&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Active; Passive; Seismic

In 2018, the Kilauea volcano in Hawai’i experienced its largest Lower East Rift Zone eruption and caldera collapse in over 200 years. While much was learned from the massive magma drainage and surface collapse, there remains little knowledge about the magma plumbing system beneath the collapsed summit and the migration of magma to the East Rift Zone. A detailed model of Kilauea’s magmatic system is critical for addressing questions related to magma evolution and transport in volcanic systems. This project partners with the United States Geologic Survey and applies active and passive seismic surveys along with novel geophysical techniques to provide a high-resolution three-dimensional image of the subsurface summit structure after the 2018 collapse. The project will result in an unprecedented image of the magma plumbing system in an active volcano which is of critical importance for predicting magma storage and transport prior to future eruptions and reducing potential economic and societal losses. The seismic dataset and high-resolution modeling provide a template for fundamental breakthroughs at other active volcanic systems. This project provides support and training for several graduate and undergraduate students.This project integrates an active-passive-source investigation of the Kilauea summit in Hawai’i with a temporary three-component nodal array to provide the high-resolution seismic images needed to gain new insights into the magma plumbing system. The data from the seismic survey are used for a battery of processing techniques including arrival-time tomography, earthquake relocation, full waveform inversion, surface wave imaging, ambient-noise tomography, and joint inversions with gravity and magnetotelluric data. The work provides an unprecedented seismic wavefield dataset and structural resolution for the summit area of Kilauea volcano. Independent, upper-crustal velocity of primary and surface wave constraints are invaluable in improving accuracies of earthquake hypocenters and the resolution of deeper structure using earthquake arrival time and ambient-noise data. The attendant insights into structure and composition help evaluate the potential of future seismic and volcanic hazards in Hawai’i. The geophysical record obtained in this project are also linked to the geochemistry of subsequently erupted olivine and glasses to establish a link between geochemical signals and reservoir geometry and distribution within the volcanic edifice. This project is an integral part of a larger collaborative effort between the investigators and United States Geologic Survey researchers that brings together a broad spectrum of geophysical imaging techniques, along with geodynamics and petrology, in a coordinated effort.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2018 年，夏威夷基拉韦厄火山经历了 200 多年来最大规模的东裂谷区下部喷发和火山口塌陷。虽然人们从大规模的岩浆排出和地表塌陷中学到了很多东西，但人们对火山口下方的岩浆管道系统仍然知之甚少。山顶塌陷和岩浆迁移到东部裂谷区 基拉韦厄岩浆系统的详细模型对于解决与火山系统中岩浆演化和运输相关的问题至关重要。该项目将与美国地质调查局合作，应用主动和被动地震勘测以及新颖的地球物理技术，提供 2018 年塌陷后地下山顶结构的高分辨率三维图像。地震数据集和高分辨率模型为其他活火山的根本性突破提供了模板，这对于预测未来喷发前的岩浆储存和运输以及减少潜在的经济和社会损失至关重要。该项目为几名研究生和本科生提供支持和培训。该项目将对夏威夷基拉韦厄山顶的主动-被动源调查与临时三分量节点阵列相结合，以提供所需的高分辨率地震图像。以获得对岩浆管道系统的新见解。地震勘测数据用于一系列处理技术，包括到达时间层析成像、地震重定位、全波形反演、表面波成像、环境噪声层析成像、这项工作为基拉韦厄火山的山顶区域提供了前所未有的地震波场数据集和结构分辨率，这对于提高地震震源的准确性具有不可估量的作用。以及使用地震到达时间和环境噪声数据解析更深层次的结构，从而有助于评估夏威夷未来地震和火山灾害的可能性。该项目还与随后喷发的橄榄石和玻璃的地球化学联系起来，以在火山大厦内的地球化学信号和储层几何形状和分布之间建立联系。该项目是研究人员和美国地质调查局研究人员之间更大合作努力的组成部分。该奖项将广泛的地球物理成像技术以及地球动力学和岩石学结合在一起，共同努力。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和技术进行评估，被认为值得支持。更广泛的影响审查标准。