Collaborative Research: Elucidating the Role of Natural Aerosols in Modulating Boundary Layer Clouds and Precipitation in the Southern Ocean

合作研究：阐明天然气溶胶在调节南大洋边界层云和降水中的作用

• 批准号: 2246488
• 负责人: Gerald Mace
• 金额: $ 78.94万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2246488&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Elucidating; Role; Natural

The Southern Ocean is an important region for understanding current and future climate due to a persistent mix of cloud types that affect the Earth’s energy balance. An improved understanding of Southern Ocean clouds relies on better measurements of aerosols, which are small particles that cloud droplets and ice crystals form on. This project will deploy a suite of instrumentation on a series of research vessel cruises conducted by Australian collaborators, and at a location in Antarctica, to measure these aerosols. The impact of the project will be to improve representation of aerosol-cloud interactions and cloud-climate feedbacks over the Southern Ocean, with a view towards improved climate projections. There is a significant outreach component to the work, where the researchers will interact with K-12 classrooms globally through on-line and in person activities. The project also represents strong international collaboration.The research team will conduct an observational and modeling study of the role of natural aerosols in modulating the properties of clouds and precipitation in the Southern Ocean region. The Southern Ocean is one of the least polluted places on Earth and the distance from dust sources means that aerosols are dominated by biogenically derived sulfates, including impacts from marine primary productivity. The sources and abundances of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) remain poorly quantified over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. This project will take advantage of four upcoming voyages on Australian research vessels, and a deployment at Davis Station, Antarctica, to double the volume of existing surface-based measurements to constrain Southern Ocean aerosol and cloud properties. The research team will contribute to the pre-existing observational campaigns by providing additional radiosonde measurements and collecting aerosol, seawater, sea ice, snow, and soil for offline INP and DNA analyses. The researchers will then co-develop process-oriented aerosol and cloud model diagnostics for parameterization testing and development in the Community Earth System Model (CESM). The project will result in the following deliverables: 1) Documentation of the latitudinal gradients in cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and cloud droplet number concentration (Nd) over the pristine oceans during three seasons derived from ship-based sources, 2) Quantification of the susceptibility of Nd to sources of aerosol types and processes to provide important constraints on the observed Nd, and 3) Documentation of latitudinal and season variability in INPs and precipitation occurrence and phase.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于影响地球能量平衡的云类型的持续组合，南方海洋是理解当前和未来气候的重要区域。冰晶体形成。该项目将在一系列研究船上的Cruisesl cruisess cruisess carlaliran s上，并在南极洲的一个位置进行测量。云互动和云气候反馈在南方海洋上，朝着改善的气候预测。自然的骨在调节南部地区的云和降水的特性中的作用。在南大洋和南极的冰核（INP）中，冰核（INP）的优势量很差。通过提供额外的辐射并收集气溶胶，海水，海冰，雪和土壤以进行离线INP DNA分析。 ）。观察到的ND和3）纬度和季节变异性INPS ANPS ANPS ANPS和阶段的建议。该奖项反映了NSF'SFLY的任务，并被认为是值得通过Toundation的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来获得支持的。