MRI: Development of a Telemetered Seafloor Seismic Observatory (TeSSO)

MRI：遥测海底地震观测站 (TeSSO) 的开发

• 批准号: 2214269
• 负责人: Gabriele Laske
• 金额: $ 125.87万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2214269&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Telemetered; Seafloor; Seismic

A traditional ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) is deployed from a ship, settles on the seafloor, and then records signals from earthquakes and other seismic events. The recording occurs remotely and autonomously, where the scientist has no access to the data until the instrument is recovered during a follow-up station visit. Often, a scientist has to wait for more than a year to analyze the collected data. For earthquake and tsunami monitoring purposes, this is much too long to conduct useful, and often critical, short-fuse research. This project, will engineer an acoustic modem gateway between the OBS and a wave glider on the sea surface to ultimately transmit data from the seafloor all the way to the desktop of a data analyst in near-real time. The OBS will transmit low-rate data (1 sample per second) to shore continuously. A novel engineering aspect of this project will be the possibility of two-way traffic, i.e. a data analyst can request a snipped of high-rate data (50 samples per second) immediately after an interesting event. A new-generation high-quality seismic sensor will be used on the newly developed shielded OBS package that will allow the recording of seismic signals from the tidal band (several hours) to high frequencies limited only by the sampling rate. The shielding of the seismic sensor will significantly reduce ambient noise contamination caused by deep-ocean currents. Ultimately, the new technology will provide a stepping stone to a long-duration (several years) multi-node mini array of OBS's on the seafloor, serviced by several concurrent wave gliders that visit stations in turn to transmit data back to shore. This project will focus on the design, construction and testing of a Telemetered Seafloor Seismic Observatory (TeSSO) comprising a very-broadband ocean bottom seismometer and a differential pressure gauge. The SSO will be equipped with an acoustic micromodem and is linked through a wave glider that facilitates a Surface Communications Gateway (SCG) with shore-side mission control via acoustic and satellite services. The wave glider will cruise on the surface and relay buffered 1 sps data from the SSO via satellite to shore-side mission control. A new two-way data traffic capability will allow shore-side researchers to order specific higher sample-rate data snippets (50 sps) in case an interesting earthquake or other seismogenic event occurs. This project draws on past expertise gathered from the 2013 ADDOSS project that provided wave-glider-based near-real time access in a one-way fashion, where the ocean bottom seismometer sent data autonomously. Since then, significant improvements in technology (e.g. 3rd generation wave glider, low-power broadband seismometers, and ‘smart’ data loggers) have occurred. The realization of TeSSO relies critically on engineering design and development to assemble off-the-shelf components. Two short sea trials will help optimize the instrument package and the SCG. On a third trial, the wave glider will transit between two close-by SSOs and transmit data on an alternating schedule. This will lay the ground work for a system of multiple SSOs that are served in near-real time by a fleet of wave gliders. TeSSO will be able to address some, but not all, items on a growing wish list compiled by data users from both the global seismic networks but also an increasing number of passive seismic deployments in the oceansThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

传统的海底地震仪 (OBS) 从船上部署，放置在海底，然后记录来自地震和其他地震事件的信号，记录是远程自主进行的，在仪器启动之前科学家无法访问数据。通常，科学家必须等待一年多的时间才能分析收集到的数据，以进行地震和海啸监测，这对于进行有用且往往至关重要的短熔断来说太长了。这个研究。该项目将在 OBS 和海面波浪滑翔机之间设计一个声学调制解调器网关，最终以近乎实时的方式将数据从海底一直传输到数据分析师的桌面。 （每秒 1 个样本）连续传输到岸上 该项目的一个新颖的工程方面是双向流量的可能性，即数据分析师可以在感兴趣的数据之后立即请求截取高速数据（每秒 50 个样本）。事件.新一代新开发的屏蔽 OBS 套件将使用高质量地震传感器，该套件将允许记录从潮汐带（几个小时）到仅受采样率限制的高频地震信号，地震传感器的屏蔽将显着降低。最终，这项新技术将为海底长期（数年）多节点微型 OBS 阵列提供垫脚石，由 OBS 提供服务。该项目将重点设计、建造和测试由超宽带海底地震仪和差压计组成的遥测海底地震观测站（TeSSO）。 SSO 将配备声学微调制解调器，并通过波浪滑翔机连接，通过声学和卫星服务促进地面通信网关（SCG）与岸侧任务控制。波浪滑翔机将在水面上巡航。地面和中继缓冲从 SSO 通过卫星到岸边任务控制的 1 sps 数据 一种新的双向数据流量功能将允许岸边研究人员订购特定的更高采样率数据片段（50 sps），以防发生有趣的情况。该项目借鉴了 2013 年 ADDOSS 项目收集的过去的专业知识，该项目以单向方式提供基于波浪滑翔机的近实时访问，其中海底地震仪自主发送数据。从那时起，技术（例如第三代波浪滑翔机、低功耗宽带地震仪和“智能”数据记录仪）发生了重大改进，TeSSO 的实现主要依赖于工程设计和开发来组装现成的组件。两次短期海上试验将有助于优化仪器包和 SCG。在第三次试验中，波浪滑翔机将在两个附近的 SSO 之间传输，并按交替的时间表传输数据。由一组波浪滑翔机提供近乎实时服务的多个 SSO 系统将能够解决来自全球地震网络和其他国家的数据用户编制的不断增长的愿望清单上的一些项目，但不是全部。海洋中越来越多的被动地震部署该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。