Collaborative Research: Are Bornean Areas of Endemism the Evolutionary Source of Southeast Asias Remarkable Terrestrial Biodiversity?

合作研究：婆罗洲特有地区是东南亚显着陆地生物多样性的进化源泉吗？

• 批准号: 2244754
• 负责人: Jacob Esselstyn
• 金额: $ 34.26万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2244754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bornean; Areas; Endemism

Borneo is the largest and oldest island in Southeast Asia. It sits in the middle of a region of high species diversity and is subject to increasing human threats. The biodiversity of Borneo is poorly known, but surveys of the nearby islands of Java and Sumatra have shown these islands to be a complex patchwork of unique habitats and species. This diversity is the result of a complex evolutionary and geological history driven by the periodic fall of sea levels, creating land bridges that enabled dispersal among the islands. This project will address the hypothesis that Borneo was an important source for many of the species that have evolved across the region. Understanding Borneo’s role in driving biodiversity in Southeast Asia is essential to providing clear strategies for conserving one of the planet’s most diverse and threatened islands. An exchange program will provide hands-on training for Indonesian and Malaysian colleagues in museum curation and species identification. Social media campaigns and field blogs will disseminate real-time updates which reach to over 1 million followers. This project will also provide training and mentorship for a diverse pool of graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher.A combination of museum-based genomic analysis with new field-collected samples will provide the foundation to test the hypothesis that Borneo has significantly contributed to the biodiversity in the region via its potential Areas of Endemism, or regions with rich communities of endemic species. Small mammals such as rodents will be used as the exemplar models, though the implications of this project span all floral and faunal groups. Field expeditions at six locations of Northern Borneo will augment the specimens that currently exist in museum collections, providing the sampling necessary to test the presence of seven hypothesized Area of Endemism on the island. All specimens will have hundreds of nuclear genes and complete mitochondrial genomes sequenced in order to generate intraspecific phylogenies with robust sampling across Borneo, enabling statistical analyses that will evaluate genomic patterns of diversity as additional evidence for the proposed Areas of Endemism. In addition to insights into conservation strategies by way of a deeper understanding of Borneo’s evolutionary and biogeographic histories, results from this research will include the likely discovery of new species, taxonomic revisions, and valuable vouchered specimens with high-quality tissues that will be preserved in museum collections.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

婆罗洲是东南亚最大，最古老的岛屿。它位于高物种多样性地区的中间，受到人类威胁的增加。婆罗洲的生物多样性是鲜为人知的，但是对爪哇和苏门答腊岛附近岛屿的调查表明，这些岛屿是独特的栖息地和物种的复杂拼布。这种多样性是由于海平面周期性下降而驱动的复杂进化和地质历史的结果，从而创造了岛屿之间的陆桥。该项目将解决以下假设：婆罗洲是整个地区发展的许多物种的重要来源。了解婆罗洲在驱动东南亚生物多样性方面的作用对于为保护地球上最多样化和受威胁的岛屿之一提供明确的策略至关重要。一项交流计划将为博物馆策划和物种身份证明的印尼和马来西亚同事提供动手培训。社交媒体活动和现场博客将传播到超过100万关注者的实时更新。该项目还将为研究生的潜水者和博士后研究人员提供培训和心态。基于博物馆的基因组分析与新的现场收集样本的组合将为检验婆罗洲的基础，即婆罗洲通过其潜在的元素派和富裕社区的地区或地区的潜在区域有助于该地区的生物多样性。小型哺乳动物（例如啮齿动物）将用作示例模型，尽管该项目的含义涵盖了所有花卉和动物群。北婆罗洲六个地点进行的野外探险将扩大目前存在于博物馆收藏中的物种，从而提供了测试该岛上有七个假设的选拔区域所必需的抽样。所有物种都将具有数百种核基因和完整的线粒体基因组测序，以便在整个婆罗洲进行稳健采样，从而产生种内系统发育，从而实现统计分析，以评估多样性的基因组模式，作为所提出的盛装典礼领域的额外证据。除了深入了解婆罗洲的进化和生物地理历史之外，这项研究的结果还包括对新物种的可能性发现，分类学修订，分类学修订以及具有高质量的组织的有价值的标本，这些标本将通过博物馆的授权进行评估，并在其授权中得到了良好的启示。更广泛的影响审查标准。