NSF GEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: A general model for bubble nucleation and growth in volcanic systems

NSF GEO-NERC：协作研究：火山系统中气泡成核和生长的通用模型

基本信息

批准号：
2211680
负责人：
Dork Sahagian
金额：
$ 37.5万
依托单位：
Lehigh University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2211680&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF GEO NERC Collaborative Research

项目摘要

This project will be jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (UKRI/NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own investigators and component of the work. The nucleation and growth of bubbles drives explosive volcanic eruptions. As such, quantitative modelling of these processes is essential if we are to predict eruptive style, as well as the nature of eruptive products. This project will produce a useful tool for the volcanological research community and enable our collective science to better understand and ultimately predict the nature, explosivity, and potential hazard of explosive eruptions. This most serious volcanic hazard arises from large ash eruptions. Ash poses local hazards to the region surrounding volcanoes, such as Mt. St. Helens, in 1980, and also threatens a much broader area with ash fallout that can contaminate surface water and agricultural soils, lead to respiratory stress, and in the case of very large eruptions, can temporarily alter global climate. As such, these eruptions threaten national and global security, and understanding them more fully is a science priority. Toward the goal of such understanding, this project aims to get to the heart of volcanoes- the nucleation of bubble that form, grow and drive explosive eruptions. The project includes international and domestic collaborations with cross-university mentoring of students and postdocs, including K-12 outreach and training of undergraduate and graduate students.This project will create and validate a unified numerical model for the nucleation and growth of bubbles in magma, across the range of compositions most commonly associated with explosive eruptions. At present, rigorous quantitative understanding of the physical controls on the nucleation and growth of bubbles is impeded by two knowledge gaps relating to nucleation processes and complex, evolving bubble growth. The project will combine novel experiments with theoretical modeling to overcome these knowledge gaps by 1) Conducting targeted experiments to constrain a novel, theoretically-grounded formulation that captures both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation; 2) Creating a numerical model of bubble growth that captures the ensemble behavior of cohorts of interacting bubbles, in which the distribution of nucleation sites may evolve in time and space; 3) Combining the nucleation formulation and bubble growth model to create a unified model. That ensemble bubble growth model will use the nucleation formulation to stochastically and iteratively assign nucleation events within a 3D volume of melt, and track the growth of the resulting bubbles using cohorts of shell models. This combined numerical model will allow users to determine the evolution of magma properties for natural eruption pathways, and set the stage for inverting from eruptive products to infer in-conduit eruptive conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将由美国国家科学基金会地球科学理事会 (NSF/GEO) 和英国国家环境研究委员会 (UKRI/NERC) 通过 NSF/GEO-NERC 牵头机构协议本协议共同资助。允许美国/英国联合提案提交，并由其研究人员拥有最大预算比例的机构进行同行评审。在成功联合确定资助后，每个机构将资助其预算比例和与其相关的研究人员。自己的调查员和组成部分因此，如果我们要预测喷发类型以及喷发产物的性质，则对这些过程进行定量建模至关重要。火山学研究界，使我们的集体科学能够更好地了解并最终预测爆炸性喷发的性质、爆炸性和潜在危险，这种最严重的火山危害是由大量火山灰喷发引起的。 1980 年，火山灰对圣海伦斯火山等火山周边地区造成了局部危害，火山灰沉降物还威胁到更广泛的地区，这些沉降物可能会污染地表水和农业土壤，导致呼吸压力，如果火山灰影响非常大，火山喷发可能会暂时改变全球气候，因此，更全面地了解它们是科学的首要任务，为了实现这种了解的目标，该项目旨在深入了解火山的核心——火山。该项目包括国际和国内合作以及对学生和博士后的跨大学指导，包括 K-12 本科生和研究生的推广和培训。该项目将创建并验证一个统一的模型。岩浆中气泡成核和生长的数值模型，涵盖与爆炸性喷发最常见的成分范围。目前，对气泡成核和生长的物理控制进行了严格的定量理解。由于与成核过程和复杂的、不断演变的气泡生长有关的两个知识差距的阻碍，该项目将结合新颖的实验与理论模型，通过以下方式克服这些知识差距：1）进行有针对性的实验，以约束一种新颖的、有理论基础的公式，该公式既能捕获均质的，也能捕获均匀的和有理论依据的公式。异质成核；2) 创建气泡生长的数值模型，捕捉相互作用的气泡群的整体行为，其中成核位点的分布可能随时间和空间的变化而变化；3) 结合；该整体气泡生长模型将使用成核公式来随机迭代地分配 3D 熔体体积内的成核事件，并使用壳模型组跟踪所得气泡的生长。这种组合的数值模型将允许用户确定自然喷发路径的岩浆特性的演变，并为从喷发产物反演以推断管道内喷发奠定了基础。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。