Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Bioarchaeological Investigation of Patterns of Health and Stress Among Enslaved Africans

博士论文研究：被奴役非洲人健康和压力模式的生物考古学调查

• 批准号: 2235935
• 负责人: Mark Hubbe
• 金额: $ 0.81万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2235935&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Bioarchaeological; Investigation

The transatlantic slave trade was an economic system designed to minimize labor costs and maximize output, which had extreme adverse impacts on the health of enslaved Africans. The impact of these practices on their overall health and stress are also reflected in pathological indicators that can be observed in the skeleton. This doctoral dissertation research advances knowledge about the health of Africans sold through the transatlantic slave trades, within the larger context of world history and using theoretical frameworks of is a bioarchaeology and structural violence. More broadly, the project helps to identify the origins of inequality and its biological impacts in the past, present, and future. The project supports the training of a first-generation student from a historically underrepresented minority in STEM as well as the development of a database for the meta-analysis of health and stress in the past. This project evaluates the prevalence of macroscopic manifestations of stress and poor health for skeletal remains of Africans who were enslaved on a sugar plantation. Skeletal indicators for these individuals are compared to a growing collection of meta-data on health and stress. The database for the meta-analysis includes information on dental health, skeletal infection, degenerative joint disease, trauma, and nutritional deficiency from populations representing different adaptive strategies and socio-economic status worldwide throughout history. The project aims to address two major questions. (1) How did the process of harvesting and refining sugar impact the physiological health of enslaved Africans? (2) How does the severity and prevalence of skeletal indicators of stress observable on enslaved Africans compare to those indicators on other marginalized populations throughout history? The PIs make several predictions about expected levels of stress, including with reference to subsistence strategies and gender roles. The comparative data used in the project are from both dominant and marginalized populations throughout world history, which will assist in quantifying the biological effects of slavery practices in multiple locations and time periods.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

跨大西洋奴隶贸易是一种经济体系，旨在最大程度地降低劳动力成本并最大化产出，这对被奴役的非洲人的健康产生了极大的不利影响。这些实践对它们的整体健康和压力的影响也反映在骨骼中可以观察到的病理指标中。这项博士学位论文研究在世界历史的较大背景下，使用跨大西洋奴隶贸易出售的非洲人健康的知识以及使用理论框架是生物考验和结构性暴力。从更广泛的角度来看，该项目有助于确定过去，现在和未来的不平等及其生物学影响的起源。该项目支持培训第一代学生是从历史上代表性不足的STEM中培训的，以及过去对健康和压力的荟萃分析的数据库的发展。 该项目评估了被奴役的非洲人的骨骼遗体的压力和健康状况不佳的宏观表现率。将这些个体的骨骼指标与越来越多的健康和压力的元数据集进行了比较。荟萃分析的数据库包括有关牙齿健康，骨骼感染，退化性关节疾病，创伤和营养缺乏的信息，这些人口代表了不同的自适应策略和全球范围内的不同适应性策略和社会经济地位。该项目旨在解决两个主要问题。 （1）收获和精炼糖的过程如何影响被奴役的非洲人的生理健康？ （2）与在整个历史上其他边缘化人群上的那些指标相比，在被奴役的非洲人身上观察到的压力的骨骼指标的严重程度和普遍性如何？ PI对预期压力水平做出了一些预测，包括参考生存策略和性别角色。该项目中使用的比较数据来自整个世界历史上的主导和边缘化人群，这将有助于量化在多个位置和时间段内奴隶制实践的生物学效应。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。