BRC-BIO: Carbon sequestration potential and drought resilience with wet meadow restoration under a changing climate

BRC-BIO：气候变化下湿草甸恢复的碳固存潜力和抗旱能力

• 批准号: 2233083
• 负责人: Jennie DeMarco
• 金额: $ 50.29万
• 依托单位: Southwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2233083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BRC; BIO; Carbon; sequestration; potential

Global air temperature has increased by over one degree Celsius since the industrial revolution and is on its way to reaching two degrees Celsius by 2041. This scenario will cause devasting impacts on both social and ecological systems. Particularly hit hard is the western United States. That region is experiencing widespread warming, decrease in precipitation, and decline in snowpack resulting in more frequent and severe droughts. Land restoration practices can impact ecosystem resilience to drought conditions by affecting the ability for soils to effectively store water. In addition, restoration has the potential to increase soil carbon through increased plant growth and decay. However, how restoration efforts influence the amount of soil water and carbon stored in soils is poorly understood over large spatial scales. In addition, land restoration projects may affect the ability for soils to effectively store water. By taking an integrative approach, this research will study what can be learned about land restoration projects and changes in soil conditions at a landscape scale. It will provide new insights into the use of data from remote sensing tools to quantify ecosystems changes. The work will also provide immersive research and education experiences for undergraduate students. These experiences included participation in a summer field course where students will have opportunities to connect with a variety of non-academic partners. Restoration projects cover large landscapes, making on the ground measurements inadequate in accurately quantifying carbon storage and resilience at broad spatial scales. This project will assess the effectiveness of using remote sensing tools to quantify changes in soil moisture across landscapes. The work will evaluate the carbon sequestration potential of restoring wet meadows within the Gunnison Basin of Colorado. Remote sensing soil moisture data will be collected within restored watersheds using Sentinel-1 satellites and commissioned flights with the UAV, Black Swift S2 and will be validated with in situ soil moisture data to check retrieval accuracies. Carbon sequestration potential will be evaluated by measuring soil carbon stocks in restored and unrestored watersheds. Until now, data from these different sources have not been combined to quantify soil moisture in an ecological context. This study will be the first to do so. So, not only does this research provide an opportunity to address important land management questions, it will also explore an innovative methodology. Results from this study will help assess the impact of restoration efforts and their potential to serve as a climate mitigation tool within the Gunnison Basin and beyond as similar wet meadow restoration projects are occurring across the western United States in regions where the near threatened greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) occupy. Restoration practices that help restore hydrology within this region, the headwaters of the Colorado River, have the potential to impact the millions of people reliant on the Colorado River water supply.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自工业革命以来，全球空气温度升高了一个摄氏度，到2041年将达到摄氏两度。这种情况将对社会和生态系统造成破坏的影响。特别受到打击的是美国西部。该地区正在经历广泛的变暖，降水量减少以及积雪下降，导致更频繁和严重的干旱。土地恢复实践可以通过影响土壤有效储存水的能力来影响生态系统对干旱状况的韧性。此外，恢复有可能通过增加植物的生长和腐烂来增加土壤碳。但是，在大型空间尺度上，恢复努力如何影响土壤中储存的土壤水和碳的数量知之甚少。此外，土地修复项目可能会影响土壤有效储存水的能力。通过采用综合方法，这项研究将研究有关土地修复项目的知识以及在景观规模上的土壤状况变化的知识。它将为使用遥感工具的数据的使用提供新的见解，以量化生态系统的变化。这项工作还将为本科生提供身临其境的研究和教育经验。这些经历包括参加夏季野外课程，学生将有机会与各种非学术伴侣建立联系。恢复项目涵盖了大型景观，在地面测量中使得准确量化碳储存和弹性的弹性不足。该项目将评估使用遥感工具来量化跨景观土壤水分的变化的有效性。这项工作将评估恢复科罗拉多州Gunnison盆地中湿草地的碳固相潜力。遥感土壤水分数据将使用Sentinel-1卫星和带有无人机，Black Swift S2的委托飞行在经过修复的流域中收集，并将通过原位土壤水分数据进行验证，以检查检索精度。通过测量恢复和未修复的流域中的土壤碳储备来评估碳固存潜能。到目前为止，在生态环境中，尚未将来自这些不同来源的数据合并以量化土壤水分。这项研究将是第一个这样做的研究。因此，这项研究不仅提供了解决重要土地管理问题的机会，还将探索一种创新的方法。这项研究的结果将有助于评估恢复工作的影响及其作为Gunnison盆地内和超越气候缓解工具的潜力，因为在美国西部类似的湿草地恢复项目中发生了类似的湿地恢复项目，而该地区近乎威胁着更大的Sage-Grouse（Centrocercus urophasianus）。有助于恢复该地区水文学的恢复实践，科罗拉多河的源头有可能影响数百万依赖科罗拉多河水供应的人。这奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来获得支持。