Doctoral Dissertation Research: Experimental and comparative research on skeletal trauma patterns and fracture behavior

博士论文研究：骨骼创伤模式和骨折行为的实验和比较研究

• 批准号: 2231771
• 负责人: Nicholas Herrmann
• 金额: $ 3.01万
• 依托单位: Texas State University - San Marcos
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2231771&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Experimental; comparative

The variety of forces that can cause bones to break presents challenges for reconstructing bone fracture patterns in bioarchaeological and forensic contexts. Researchers therefore rely on experimental research and comprehensive examination of real-world case studies to more accurately determine the cause of fractures. This doctoral dissertation research project examines relatively understudied skeletal fracture patterns caused by high-velocity forces, advancing fundamental knowledge about physical trauma patterns in the past and present. The results of this project also can aid in identification of military personnel from previous conflicts, distinguish between blast and other types of trauma in humanitarian contexts, and provide important threat assessment data for military and law enforcement personnel. The project supports K-12 science outreach activities as well as student training and mentoring opportunities in STEM for women and underrepresented scholars at a Hispanic-serving institution. This project provides an important resource for investigating blast events and for developing a more comprehensive understanding of skeletal trauma. Data collected for this project come from medical examiner and coroner offices from across the country, from warfare trauma of previous conflicts, and from experimental research. These data are analyzed with respect to demographic characteristics, trauma information (including location, type, and direction), and type and cause of blast. In addition, trauma details from comparative traumatic events are collected to further examine how blast events differ from other trauma events. Spatial and data analyses are used to assess spatial distribution patterns of trauma and trends in trauma event types. Through the fracture triad, which states that fracture behavior is influenced by the internal (bone structure) and external (force, size of impacting object) factors, these studies can enhance understanding of what determines the shape and pattern of fractures and help to validate current forensic methods.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

可能导致骨骼破裂的各种力量提出了在生物结构和法医环境中重建骨折模式的挑战。因此，研究人员依靠实验研究和对现实世界案例研究的全面检查，以更准确地确定骨折的原因。该博士学位论文研究项目研究了由高速力量引起的相对研究的骨骼断裂模式，从而促进了有关过去和现在的身体创伤模式的基本知识。该项目的结果还可以帮助确定军事人员与以前的冲突，区分人道主义背景下的爆炸和其他类型的创伤，并为军事和执法人员提供重要的威胁评估数据。该项目支持K-12科学宣传活动，以及在西班牙裔服务机构中为妇女和代表性不足的学者提供的学生培训和指导机会。该项目为研究爆炸事件和对骨骼创伤的更全面了解提供了重要的资源。为该项目收集的数据来自全国各地的医学检查员和验尸官办公室，来自先前冲突的战争创伤以及实验研究。分析了这些数据在人口统计学特征，创伤信息（包括位置，类型和方向）以及爆炸的类型和原因方面进行了分析。此外，收集了比较创伤事件的创伤细节，以进一步检查爆炸事件与其他创伤事件的不同。空间和数据分析用于评估创伤创伤的空间分布模式和创伤事件类型的趋势。通过裂缝三合会，该裂缝行为受到内部（骨骼结构）和外部（力，影响对象的大小）因素的影响，这些研究可以增强对确定裂缝形状和模式的理解，并有助于验证当前的法医方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估范围的范围来反映了对基础的支持和宽广的基础，并构成了基础的范围。