Collaborative Research: RUI: The influence of ants on regional-scale soil carbon dynamics

合作研究：RUI：蚂蚁对区域尺度土壤碳动态的影响

• 批准号: 2230335
• 负责人: Mark Bradford
• 金额: $ 52.77万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2230335&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; influence; ants

Soil organic carbon is an important property of ecosystems that impacts soil fertility and the global carbon cycle. Animals have been shown to affect carbon in soils, but it is poorly understood how different types of animals ultimately affect processes that determine the amount of carbon in soils. Ants are highly abundant animals that nest in soils all over the world. Their nests impact bacteria and fungi living in the soil which, in turn, affect soil conditions including carbon content. Ants may therefore be an important animal group affecting the processes that determine carbon content in soils. This research advances our understanding of how highly abundant insect animals that live in the soil alter and improve conditions for bacteria and fungi that live in or near ant nests. Over many ant nests across large areas, these impacts on soil conditions and microbes may be very large and important for determining, for example, how much carbon is present in soils. The research includes (1) a controlled field experiment to test how ants influence soil physical, chemical, and biological conditions, hypothetically creating microbial hotspots that affect carbon content in soils; and (2) field surveys across a 1,550-km regional transect to quantify ant nest impacts on soil conditions in forests and grasslands in southeastern North America. The approach allows testing of causation to discern the directionality of ant effects on carbon dynamics and microbial communities. The observational surveys facilitate estimates of the magnitude of ant effects on carbon. This combined approach provides the basis for scaling ant effects to their potential ecosystem, landscape, and regional significance.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤有机碳是影响土壤肥力和全球碳循环的生态系统的重要特性。已经证明动物会影响土壤中的碳，但是鲜为人知的是不同类型的动物最终如何影响确定土壤中碳量的过程。蚂蚁是在世界各地的土壤中筑巢的高度丰富的动物。它们的巢影响生活在土壤中的细菌和真菌，进而影响包括碳含量在内的土壤条件。因此，蚂蚁可能是影响确定土壤中碳含量的过程的重要动物群体。这项研究促进了我们对生活在土壤中高度丰富的昆虫动物如何改变并改善居住在蚂蚁巢中或附近的细菌和真菌状况的理解。在大面积的许多蚂蚁巢上，这些对土壤条件和微生物的影响可能非常大，并且对于确定土壤中存在多少碳。该研究包括（1）测试蚂蚁如何影响土壤物理，化学和生物学条件的受控现场实验，假设产生了影响土壤中碳含量的微生物热点； （2）对1,550公里的区域区进行了现场调查，以量化蚂蚁巢对北美东南部森林和草原的土壤状况的影响。该方法可以测试因果关系，以辨别蚂蚁对碳动态和微生物群落的影响的方向性。观察性调查有助于估计蚂蚁对碳的影响的幅度。这种合并的方法为将蚂蚁效应扩展到其潜在的生态系统，景观和区域意义提供了基础。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。