Collaborative Research: SHINE: Investigation of Mini-filament Eruptions and Their Relationship with Small Scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in Solar Wind

合作研究：SHINE：研究太阳风中的微型细丝喷发及其与小规模磁通量绳的关系

• 批准号: 2229064
• 负责人: Haimin Wang
• 金额: $ 43.57万
• 依托单位: New Jersey Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2229064&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SHINE; Investigation; Mini

It is well known that magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) exist ubiquitously in the solar surface and in the interplanetary space. MFRs are generally defined as a bundle of magnetic fields that are twisted about each other and wrap around a common axis. The large scale MFRs are often associated with solar filament eruptions, subsequent propagation of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) in solar wind, and furthermore, the Interplanetary CMEs (ICMs) towards Earth. In recent years, small-scale MFRs (SMFRs) in both solar surface and solar wind are receiving significant attention. Initial evidences show that they are numerous and ubiquitous from high resolution observations from the NSF-funded 1.6m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) of Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) and from NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP). This project addresses the Solar, Heliospheric, and Interplanetary Environment (SHINE) goal of linking the generation and propagation of SMFRs from the solar surface to the solar wind. Two female early career researchers will be supported, as well as undergraduate, graduate, and high school students. The team will mentor students at the NSF REU sites of New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) and the University of Alabama Huntsville (UAH).Using high-resolution, high-polarimetric and spectroscopic data from GST, in-situ observations from PSP as well as other ground-based and space observations, NJIT and UAH join an effort to carry out comprehensive case and statistical studies of SMFRs in solar surface and solar wind. The team will investigate the kinematic, thermal and magnetic properties of them, as well as possible photospheric magnetic field evolution associated with eruption of mini-filaments. In addition, they will find the connection between solar mini-filament eruptions and detected SMFRs in solar wind. The project uses data from NSF funded ground-based observations of BBSO. Combining the most advanced data from GST/BBSO and PSP, the team will disclose detailed properties of SMFRs and address the following key science questions. (1) What are the dynamic properties of mini-filament eruptions (velocity, temperature, density, energy)? (2) What is the photospheric magnetic structure and evolution associated with mini-filament eruptions? (3) What are the statistical distributions of mini-filament eruption in coronal holes and regular quiet sun? (4) Statistically, is there a possible connection between mini-filament eruptions and the SMFRs in the solar wind? These questions are of importance from two aspects: (1) to disclose the basic plasma properties of SMFRs and (2) to advance understanding of the formation of transients in the solar wind.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

众所周知，磁通绳（MFR）无处不在，在太阳表面和星际空间中存在。 MFR通常被定义为互相扭曲并围绕公共轴缠绕的一束磁场。大型MFR通常与太阳丝喷发，太阳风中的冠状质量弹出（CME）的传播相关，此外，行星际CMES（ICMS）朝向地球。近年来，太阳表面和太阳风中的小型MFR（SMFR）都受到了极大的关注。最初的证据表明，来自NSF资助的160万良好的太阳能望远镜（GST）的大熊太阳能天文台（BBSO）和NASA的Parker Solar Probe（PSP）的高分辨率观测值众多且无处不在。该项目解决了将SMFR从太阳能表面与太阳风的产生和传播联系起来的太阳，地球和星际环境（Shine）的目标。将支持两名女性职业研究人员以及本科，研究生和高中生。该团队将指导新泽西技术学院NSF REU站点（NJIT）和阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔大学（UAH）。使用高分辨率，高极性和光谱数据，来自GST，来自PSP的现场观察，来自PSP以及其他案例以及SMRESISS和SMFRESS，以及统一的统计以及努力，以进行统计以及努力，以实现统计的范围，并进行统计的努力，以实现统计太阳风。该团队将研究它们的运动学，热和磁性特性，以及可能与迷你丝状喷发相关的光晶磁场演化。此外，他们将发现太阳迷你丝喷发与太阳风中检测到的SMFR之间的联系。该项目使用来自NSF资助的BBSO基于地面的观察结果。结合了GST/BBSO和PSP的最先进的数据，该团队将披露SMFR的详细属性，并解决以下关键科学问题。 （1）迷你射击（速度，温度，密度，能量）的动态特性是什么？ （2）与迷你丝喷发相关的光球磁结构和进化是什么？ （3）在冠状孔和常规安静的阳光下迷你射击的统计分布是什么？ （4）从统计学上讲，在太阳风中的迷你丝爆发与SMFR之间是否可能存在联系？这些问题从两个方面至关重要：（1）披露SMFR的基本血浆特性和（2）提高对太阳风中瞬态形成的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来获得的支持。

项目成果

Statistical Study of Ejections in Coronal Hole Regions As Possible Sources of Solar Wind Switchbacks and Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acc0f1
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: Nengyi Huang;Sophia D’Anna;Haimin Wang

Magnetic Reconnection as the Driver of the Solar Wind

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acaf6c
• 发表时间: 2023-03-01
• 期刊: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Raouafi, Nour E.;Stenborg, G.;Velli, M.
• 通讯作者: Velli, M.

Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in Stream Interaction Regions from Parker Solar Probe and Wind Spacecraft Observations

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aca894
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Yu Chen;Q. Hu;R. Allen;L. Jian