Collaborative Research: The interplay of nitrogen loading and ecosystem sustainability in threatened wetlands: an extension of the WETFEET project

合作研究：受威胁湿地氮负荷与生态系统可持续性的相互作用：WEFTEET 项目的延伸

• 批准号: 2224999
• 负责人: Samantha Chapman
• 金额: $ 60.88万
• 依托单位: Villanova University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2224999&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; interplay; nitrogen; loading

Over the last decade, pollution in Florida estuaries has had dire consequences such as red tides and massive die-offs of fish and marine mammals. This team of researchers has worked closely with land managers in northeastern Florida who seek data-driven guidance on strategies to mitigate pollution and help sustain these wetlands. Critical wetland habitats are increasingly being lost to erosion at the edges, and "ponding" in the interior due to sea level rise. As sea levels and pollution are increasing, the thin green strips of vegetation that protect Florida’s human population from big storms are changing from salt marsh grasses to mangrove forests. To determine how these wetlands will fare in a future with higher seas, more nutrient inputs, and larger plants, this project will use a combination of field experiments, mapping, and mathematical modeling. Information will be obtained on how coastal wetlands can help remove nitrogen, a common pollutant in coastal waters. The researchers will investigate whether wetland decline is contributing to the current uptick in nutrient levels that threatens the health of humans and other animals. Finally, the team will use the relationships that they have built with northeastern Florida land managers, government officials and restoration practitioners to help plan for the future of these threatened wetlands in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR) and beyond. Data from this project will be used to map nutrient hotspots in the GTMNERR, and to train undergraduate and graduate student researchers in the study of coastal wetlands and plan for their restoration. In northeastern Florida, coastal wetland ecosystems are faced with rising seas and pollution loads, and are undergoing dramatic climate-driven vegetation conversion from marsh plants to mangroves. Nitrogen (N) eutrophication and rising sea levels each individually can severely impact coastal wetlands. This project will explore how these two problems may be linked by coastal wetland feedbacks, which underlie the project's three central hypotheses: (1) Excess N loading may interrupt the mechanisms of soil accumulation that sustain wetlands; (2) Conversion of marsh to mangrove greatly enhances N demand which may mitigate N pollution of adjacent waterways; (3) N-eutrophication can accelerate transformation of marsh to mangrove by satisfying the greater N demand of mangroves compared to marsh plants. Past studies have shown that N addition can hinder the ability of wetlands to keep up with sea level rise by stimulating loss of organic matter, whereas others have shown that N addition may promote plant growth, which can help sustain coastal wetlands. The discrepancy may result from stark differences in biogeomorphic processes between wetland edges and interiors. This project will address this discrepancy directly by leveraging established infrastructure to conduct experimental N addition at both creekside and interior locations, in addition to comparing N effects on marshes and adjacent mangrove-dominated plots for the first time. New hypotheses will be tested about how N may alter mechanisms of elevation gain and mangrove encroachment across the landscape as well as hypotheses about how ongoing loss of wetlands and conversion of marshes to mangroves could have dramatic effects on coastal N budgets. Examining N influences on wetland resilience to sea level rise was identified as a research priority by the GTMNERR management at a recent coastal vulnerability workshop (September 2021). This team of researchers will work with the GTMNERR water quality data and our own data collection from this project to build a new nutrient layer onto a coastal vulnerability map that will help prioritize GTMNERR sites for planned conservation and restoration initiatives. Research findings will be conveyed to the public by working with the environmental education center at the GTMNERR to produce an exhibit and curricula for visitors and camps. Interdisciplinary training of young scientists will also take place at three institutions- Villanova University, University of Central Florida and Roosevelt University.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在最后的DECADA中，研究人员与佛罗里达州北部的土地管理者紧密合作，他们以减轻湿地的策略来寻求驱动的指导。污染正在增加，植被的绿色条可以保护佛罗里达人的人口免受大风暴的影响使用田间实验，映射和数学模型他们与佛罗里达州东北部的土地经理，政府官员和修复者建立了乳头，以帮助计划在Guana Tolomato Matanzas Nature Estuarine Research Reserve Reserve（GTMNERR）及以后的guana Tolomato Matanzas Matanzas Nature the Funerthers的未来。在佛罗里达州北部的GTMNERR TLAND和恢复的计划中，沿海湿地生态系统面临着上升的海洋，并且粉所负荷正在从MARSH植物转换为人类三个中央假设：（1）过量的n负载可能会中断湿地的土壤辅助机制；与沼泽植物相比，红树林的需求更大。从湿地边缘和内部的生物形态质量的差异来看，这是通过利用确定的基础设施在Creekside和Interior位置进行的，除了比较N Marshes和邻近的Mangrove-New关于n可能如何改变整个景观中的高程增益和进行操作机制的假设，以及关于湿地持续损失以及沼泽转换为芒林的ashypotheses可能会对沿海N预算产生巨大影响。 GTMNERR管理人员在最近的沿海脆弱性研讨会上的优先事项（2021年9月）。通过与TMNerr的Toronmental合作，制作了一个展览和库里塞拉福克斯游客和营地。影响审稿人IA。

项目成果

Mangrove Trees Outperform Saltmarsh Grasses in Building Elevation but Collapse Rapidly Under High Rates of Sea‐Level Rise

• DOI: 10.1029/2022ef003202
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Earth's Future
• 作者: J. Morris;J. Langley;W. C. Vervaeke;N. Dix;I. Feller;P. Marcum;S. Chapman

Contrasting Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Leaf Photosynthesis and Respiration in Black Mangrove in North Florida

氮添加对北佛罗里达州黑红树林叶片光合作用和呼吸作用的对比影响

• DOI: 10.1007/s12237-022-01120-7
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Estuaries and Coasts
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Sturchio, Matthew A.;Chieppa, Jeff;Simpson, Lorae T.;Feller, Ilka C.;Chapman, Samantha K.;Aspinwall, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Aspinwall, Michael J.

Do global change variables alter mangrove decomposition? A systematic review

• DOI: 10.1111/geb.13743
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Global Ecology and Biogeography
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: L. Simpson;S. Chapman;Lance Simpson;J. Cherry

Nitrogen Addition Increases Freeze Resistance in Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Shrubs in a Temperate-Tropical Ecotone

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-022-00796-z
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: I. Feller;Uta Berger;S. Chapman;E. M. Dangremond;N. Dix;J. Langley;C. Lovelock;T. Osborne;Audrey C Shor;L. Simpson