Collaborative Research: ORCC: Carbon fixation in future oceans: experimental adaptation of algal and cyanobacterial CO2-concentrating mechanisms to a changing climate

合作研究：ORCC：未来海洋的碳固定：藻类和蓝藻二氧化碳浓缩机制对气候变化的实验适应

• 批准号: 2222519
• 负责人: Boswell Wing
• 金额: $ 21.85万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222519&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ORCC; Carbon; fixation; Collaborative; Research; ORCC; Carbon; fixation

Photosynthetic marine microorganisms, or phytoplankton, use carbon dioxide to build their biomass. When phytoplankton die and sink, they transfer this carbon to the deep ocean, sequestering it away from the atmosphere. This process, known as the biological pump, has tempered the effect of climate change through the absorption of anthropogenic carbon dioxide. The efficiency of the biological pump – and the ocean’s continued ability to absorb carbon dioxide in the future – will depend on the ability of different phytoplankton groups to adapt to effects of climate change, such as warming and acidification. In order to quantify how the cumulative effects of subcellular processes will determine the amount of carbon dioxide phytoplankton use in future oceans, this research tests the adaptability of different phytoplankton groups to the expected conditions in year 2100 and year 2500 oceans. This project will train a postdoctoral researcher, a Ph.D. student, four summer undergraduate interns, and support the professional development of a female, first-time investigator, and early career researcher in collaboration with a senior scientist. The work will promote innovative solutions to societal challenges through the operation and improvement of a national mentoring program designed to increase diversity in climate related fields by providing students interested in pursuing graduate degrees in climate and Earth sciences with mentors to support their career development. Carbon fixation in today’s oceans proceeds through CO2-concentration mechanisms (CCMs) that improve the efficiency of carbon fixation by increasing CO2 concentrations at site of carbon fixation. CCMs have evolved independently within different groups of phytoplankton resulting in distinct types of CCMs with convergent functions. Continued anthropogenic CO2 emissions are forcing phytoplankton to adapt to the impacts of climatic change at an accelerating pace. Individual components of CCMs are known to respond to the effects of climate change including pH, the concentration of dissolve inorganic carbon, and temperature. The cumulative response of CCMs at the subcellular level represents the organismal response of phytoplankton to climate change, with direct implications for the efficiency of carbon fixation in future oceans. The primary goal of this project is to quantify the adaptive response of CCMs to the selective drivers of climate change through the experimental evolution of five phytoplankton groups with distinct CCMs, including a diatom, dinoflagellate, green alga, coccolithophore, and a cyanobacterium. Specific project objectives include 1) quantify the plastic and adaptive carbon fixation response of relevant marine phytoplankton to multiple ‘year 2100’ climate change stressors; 2) quantify the plastic and adaptive carbon fixation response of relevant marine phytoplankton to multiple climate change stressors in an extreme (‘year 2500’) scenario; and 3) resolve how the subcellular components contribute to the organismal CCM response of phytoplankton that underlies the ecosystem-scale impact of carbon fixation in future oceans.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

光合海洋微生物或浮游植物使用二氧化碳来建立生物质。当浮游植物死亡并下沉时，它们将这种碳转移到深海中，将其隔离在大气中。这个被称为生物泵的过程通过人为二氧化碳的抽象来缓解气候变化的影响。生物泵的效率 - 以及将来海洋吸收二氧化碳的持续能力 - 将取决于不同浮游植物组适应气候变化影响的能力，例如变暖和酸化。为了量化亚细胞过程的累积效应如何确定未来海洋中二氧化碳浮游植物的使用量，该研究测试了不同植物浮游生物组对2100年和2500年海洋预期条件的适应性。该项目将培训博士学位博士学位。学生，四个夏季的本科实习生，并支持女性，首次调查员和早期职业研究员的专业发展，并与一位高级科学家合作。这项工作将通过运作和改进国家心理计划的计划来促进对社会挑战的创新解决方案，旨在通过为学生提供有兴趣在气候和地球科学领域的研究生学位的学生与导师的职业发展，以提高气候相关领域的多样性。当今海洋中的碳固定是通过CO2浓缩机制（CCM）进行的，这些机制通过增加碳固定位点的二氧化碳浓度来提高碳固定的效率。 CCM已在不同的浮游植物组中独立演变，从而产生了具有收敛函数的不同类型的CCM。持续的人为二氧化碳排放迫使浮游植物适应CCM的各个成分，以应对气候变化的影响，包括pH，溶解无机碳和温度的浓度。 CCM在亚细胞水平上的累积反应代表了浮游植物对气候变化的有机反应，这对未来海洋中碳固定的效率有直接影响。该项目的主要目的是通过五个具有独特的CCM的浮游植物群的实验进化来量化CCMS对气候变化的选择性驱动因素的适应性反应，包括硅藻，颗粒藻，绿色藻类，绿色藻类，角色，角色磷脂和cyanobacterium。特定的项目对象包括1）量化相关海洋浮游植物对多个“ 2100年”攀岩变化压力的塑料和自适应碳固定响应；相关海洋浮游植物对极端（“ 2500年”）场景中多种气候变化压力源的固定反应； 3）解决浮游植物的组织CCM响应是如何影响浮游植物的组织CCM响应的，该浮游生物在未来海洋中的生态系统规模的影响是生态系统规模的影响。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。