Doctoral Dissertation Research: Knowledge and processing of morphosyntactic variation

博士论文研究：形态句法变异的知识和处理

• 批准号: 2215102
• 负责人: Jared Novick
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2215102&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Knowledge; processing

This project examines grammatical variation across two different dialects of American English: Mainstream (or "Standard") American English (MAE) and African American Language (AAL). The project compares speakers of both dialects to participants who speak only MAE, using multiple experimental methods to determine what participants know about the grammatical patterns of each dialect and how they use that knowledge to guide moment-to-moment processing of sentences. The results will show when and how listeners with different backgrounds successfully accommodate dialect differences, which can inform efforts to mitigate the difficulty of dialect variation in settings such as schools and courtrooms.This project tests the hypothesis that people know the grammatical rules of dialects they frequently hear, regardless of whether they produce a given dialect. In a sentence rating task, participants listen to examples of Mainstream American English and African American Language, then read a series of sentences and rate how likely a speaker of each dialect would be to say each utterance. Items vary in their grammaticality in each dialect, including sentences that are grammatical in both dialects, ungrammatical in both dialects, or grammatical in AAL but not MAE. Second, an eye-tracking task tests how participants use the grammatical rules of a given dialect to guide their moment-to-moment interpretation of a sentence. Stronger effects are predicted for bidialectal participants than for monodialectal participants, since bidialectal participants have more knowledge of each dialect and shift their expectations of grammatical form depending on their interlocutor. This project unites central questions from the fields of psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics, showing how linguistic experience and social knowledge shape both representations of language in the mind and real-time processing of varying grammatical systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目研究了美国英语两种不同方言的语法变化：主流（或“标准”）美国英语（MAE）和非裔美国人语言（AAL）。该项目将两种方言的演讲者与仅说MAE的参与者进行了比较，并使用多种实验方法来确定参与者对每个方言的语法模式的了解，以及他们如何利用这些知识来指导句子的力矩到句子的处理。结果将显示具有不同背景的听众如何成功地适应方言差异，这可以为减轻学校和法庭等方言变化的难度提供努力。该项目测试了人们知道他们经常听到的方言的语法规则，无论他们是否产生给定的方言。 在一项句子评级任务中，参与者听取了主流美国英语和非裔美国人语言的例子，然后阅读一系列句子，并评估每个方言的演讲者的可能性是说每种话语的可能性。项目在每个方言中的语法各不相同，包括两个方言中语法的句子，两种方言中的语法或语法上的语法，或者在AAL中而不是语法。其次，一项令人眼前一亮的任务测试参与者如何使用给定方言的语法规则来指导他们对句子的时刻解释。由于双族直肠参与者对每个方言都有更多的了解，并根据其对话者的对话者的方式改变了他们对语法形式的期望，因此对双直直肠的参与者的效果比单式直肠参与者更强。该项目将心理语言学和社会语言学领域的中心问题统一，展示了语言经验和社会知识如何形成语言表现形式以及对不同语法系统的实时处理。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子的优点和广泛的影响来评估Criteria的智力优点和广泛的影响。