MSA: Self-organizing principles for upscaling ecosystem water and heterotrophic carbon fluxes

MSA：扩大生态系统水和异养碳通量的自组织原理

• 批准号: 2213630
• 负责人: Salvatore Calabrese
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M AgriLife Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2213630&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MSA; Self; organizing; principles; upscaling

Climate change and land management are affecting soils globally, with detrimental consequences for soil health and biodiversity, plant productivity, and climate regulation. However, the loss of soil organic carbon and its emission as carbon dioxide, which is a major input of carbon to the atmosphere regulated by soil microorganisms (known as heterotrophic respiration), remains one of the most uncertain terrestrial carbon fluxes. This research aims to understand how heterotrophic respiration varies across biomes and climates depending on macroscopic environmental variables (for example, rainfall and vegetation productivity) and from the ecosystem to continental scale, by combining experimental data from multiple observational networks and mathematical models of microbial growth and metabolism. This analysis is helping to map heterotrophic respiration at regional to continental scales and assess the potential impact of climate change on soils and ecosystems by enabling more accurate estimates of soil organic carbon losses. The effort allows environmental policymakers working on ecosystem management and sustainability to plan effective conservation strategies, especially for those regions that are most sensitive to climate change. The project will train diverse students and will support the development of new interdisciplinary curricular material at the intersection of microbiology, hydrology, and environmental science and engineering.This research is guided by the hypothesis that at the ecosystem scale the ratio of annual heterotrophic respiration to plant productivity (a dimensionless measure related to the soil carbon budget) is primarily correlated with the aridity index (a dimensionless measure of wetness/dryness). The project combines process-based microbial growth modeling with flux tower datasets and field-based measurements of soil and ecosystem carbon fluxes from NEON and other regional and global networks to explore, guided by the π theorem of dimensional analysis, the existence of fundamental laws explaining the variability in water and carbon fluxes across biomes. A parsimonious process-based microbial model is being used to analyze observations and statistically link microbial parameters to macroscopic environmental drivers and identify key dimensionless groups governing the large-scale dynamics. The macroscopic relations between heterotrophic respiration and environmental drivers are then used to reconstruct large-scale carbon fluxes based on the spatial structure of primary environmental drivers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

气候变化和土地管理在全球影响土壤，对土壤健康和生物多样性，植物生产力和气候调节产生不利影响。然而，土壤有机碳的损失及其作为二氧化碳的排放，这是碳对大气的主要输入，由土壤微生物调节（称为异营呼吸），仍然是最不确定的恐怖碳通量之一。这项研究旨在了解异构呼吸如何根据宏观环境变量（例如，降雨和植被生产力）以及从生态系统到持续量表的跨生物群落和气候变化，通过结合来自多个观察力网络的实验数据，并结合来自多个观察力网络的实验数据和微生物生长和数学模型。该分析有助于在区域对连续尺度上绘制异养的呼吸，并通过对土壤有机碳损失进行更准确的估计来评估气候变化对土壤和生态系统的潜在影响。这项工作使环境政策制定者从事生态系统管理和可持续性，以计划有效的保护策略，尤其是对于那些对气候变化最敏感的地区。该项目将在微生物学，水文学和环境科学和工程的相交时支持新的跨学科课程材料的发展，这是通过以下假设来指导的，即在生态系统尺度上，年度异育呼吸与植物无关的植物无关（二小剂量度）（二重性较高的量度）（对土壤的高度碳量为二氧化）的比率（湿度/干燥）。该项目将基于过程的微生物增长模型与通量塔数据集结合在一起，以及基于野外的土壤和生态系统碳通量的测量，这些碳通量来自霓虹灯和其他区域和全球网络，以探索探索的指导下，在维度分析的π定理的指导下，存在于生物群中的水和碳变化的基本定律的存在。基于过程的基于过程的微生物模型被用于分析观测值，并统计上将微生物参数与宏观环境驱动器联系起来，并确定管理大规模动力学的关键无量纲组。然后，使用异性呼吸与环境驱动因素之间的宏观关系来根据主要环境驱动因素的空间结构来重建大规模的碳通量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过评估基金会的知识和更广泛的影响来通过评估来获得支持的珍贵的，这是珍贵的。

项目成果

Linking Soil Structure, Hydraulic Properties, and Organic Carbon Dynamics: A Holistic Framework to Study the Impact of Climate Change and Land Management

• DOI: 10.1029/2023jg007389
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: Achla Jha;S. Bonetti;A. P. Smith;R. Souza;S. Calabrese