Physics at the Large Hadron Collider: Understanding Fundamental Interactions and Upgrading the CMS Experiment

大型强子对撞机的物理学：了解基本相互作用并升级 CMS 实验

• 批准号: 2209764
• 负责人: Ilya Kravchenko
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209764&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physics; Large; Hadron; Collider; Understanding

This program of research aims to better understand the Universe at the smallest scales by probing nature's basic symmetries and their relation to the origin of mass. The 2012 discovery of a Higgs boson serves as both the crowning achievement of the standard model of particle physics and a hint beyond it - how can a light Higgs boson possibly survive huge, destabilizing quantum effects without new, undiscovered physics? Further, dark matter is known to exist from astronomical observations; however, the particle properties of dark matter remain shrouded in mystery. The combined activities of the University of Nebraska at Lincoln (UNL) group address such basic questions puzzling science - the origin of mass and the particle nature of dark matter - and have the potential for surprising discoveries that may change the way we understand our physical world. This award will provide support for the UNL group's work on the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, a particle physics laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland. The group has a broad range of physics interests, with ongoing and planned measurements of Higgs physics, top production and decay, electroweak physics, plus searches for new phenomena. The group provides leadership to the experiment in software and computing, and UNL operates a Tier-2 computing center for CMS. Technically, the UNL group is contributing significantly to the upgrades of the CMS experiment for its operation in the very high-rate collision environments foreseen in the next decade at the LHC. Central to their efforts is the construction of parts of the Forward Pixel Detector of the CMS Inner Tracker. This detector system is critical to the reconstruction of many event types of special interest to the CMS program of discovery science. The UNL group leads the distinctive Cosmic Ray Observatory Project (CROP) outreach program. High school-based cosmic-ray research teams around Nebraska study extensive air showers with student- built and operated detectors, and future expansion will focus on under-served rural populations. The ongoing CROP initiative has served as a model for similar high-school cosmic-ray efforts across the U.S., Canada, and abroad.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究计划旨在通过探索自然的基本对称性及其与质量起源的关系，更好地了解最小尺度的宇宙。 2012 年希格斯玻色子的发现既是粒子物理学标准模型的最高成就，又是超越它的暗示——如果没有新的、未被发现的物理学，轻希格斯玻色子如何能够在巨大的、不稳定的量子效应中幸存下来？此外，通过天文观测已知暗物质的存在。然而，暗物质的粒子特性仍然笼罩在神秘之中。内布拉斯加大学林肯分校 (UNL) 小组的联合活动解决了困扰科学的基本问题——质量的起源和暗物质的粒子性质——并有可能获得令人惊讶的发现，从而改变我们理解物理世界的方式。该奖项将为 UNL 小组在欧洲核子研究中心（瑞士日内瓦的粒子物理实验室）的大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 上的 CMS 实验工作提供支持。该小组拥有广泛的物理学兴趣，包括正在进行和计划的希格斯物理学、顶部产生和衰变、弱电物理学​​以及对新现象的探索。该小组领导软件和计算实验，UNL 为 CMS 运营一个二级计算中心。从技术上讲，UNL 小组正在为 CMS 实验的升级做出重大贡献，以使其在大型强子对撞机预计未来十年的极高速率碰撞环境中运行。他们的工作核心是构建 CMS 内部跟踪器的前向像素探测器部分。该探测器系统对于重建 CMS 发现科学计划特别感兴趣的许多事件类型至关重要。 UNL 小组领导着独特的宇宙射线观测站项目 (CROP) 外展计划。内布拉斯加州各地的高中宇宙射线研究小组利用学生建造和操作的探测器对广泛的空气簇射进行研究，未来的扩展将重点关注服务不足的农村人口。正在进行的 CROP 计划已成为美国、加拿大和国外类似的高中宇宙射线工作的典范。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。

项目成果

Combination of inclusive top-quark pair production cross-section measurements using ATLAS and CMS data at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 and 8 TeV

使用 ATLAS 和 CMS 数据在 $$ sqrt{s} $$ = 7 和 8 TeV 处进行包含性顶夸克对产生横截面测量的组合

• DOI: 10.1007/jhep07(2023)213
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of High Energy Physics
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Aad, G.;Abbott, B.;Abbott, D. C.;Abed Abud, A.;Abeling, K.;Abhayasinghe, D. K.;Abidi, S. H.;Aboulhorma, A.;Abramowicz, H.;Abreu, H.
• 通讯作者: Abreu, H.