RUI: Testing Fundamental Symmetries with Muon Experiments

RUI：用 μ 子实验测试基本对称性

• 批准号: 2209486
• 负责人: Frederick Gray
• 金额: $ 25.02万
• 依托单位: Regis University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209486&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Testing; Fundamental; Symmetries; Muon

This award will support the Regis University group in continuing to probe one of the few known experimental discrepancies with the Standard Model of subatomic physics, which encodes our understanding of the fundamental building blocks of matter and energy. The Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment observes muons, which are subatomic particles that are like massive electrons, as they move through a magnetic field. It measures the rate at which the muons’ spin directions rotate; this rate is determined by the sum of the muons’ interactions of all kinds, potentially including interactions with new particles or via new kinds of forces that have not yet been discovered directly. The Standard Model makes a precise theoretical prediction; it differs from the recently-published result from the experiment’s first year of data collection at a level that may reveal the effects of new physical processes. A much larger data set has already been collected and is being analyzed, and one additional year of data collection is expected. Meanwhile, the precision of the Standard Model prediction is limited primarily by the uncertainty of the contributions to it from hadrons: particles that are composed of quarks and gluons, which are the domain of nuclear physics. The Regis group will participate substantially both in the completion of the Fermilab experiment and in the development of the MUonE experiment at CERN, which will measure the hadronic contributions with an independent method. Regis University’s physics program is undergraduate-focused, and this award will generate opportunities for physics majors and minors to become involved in leading-edge research in nuclear physics. They will develop laboratory, data analysis, and computing skills as they participate, with substantial mentoring, in the Muon g-2 and MUonE experiments. Furthermore, Regis University is a diverse campus, so many of the students who will be supported by this renewed grant are expected to be from groups that are currently underrepresented in the sciences.The Muon g-2 experiment will improve the precision of the measurement of the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment from 350 to 140 parts per billion (ppb), providing a window for discovery. Extending the experiment to the negative muon polarity in the final run, as is planned, will also allow for a precision test of CPT and Lorentz symmetries. The uncertainty associated with the Standard Model prediction, which is currently 370 ppb, will soon be the limiting factor in interpreting the Muon g-2 result. This uncertainty arises predominantly from the hadronic vacuum polarization component, which MUonE will determine from the running of the electromagnetic coupling (alpha) with energy scale in elastic scattering of a muon beam from target electrons. The Regis University group will continue to operate and analyze data from the “fiber harp” beam monitoring detectors in the Muon g-2 experiment, and to further develop the collaboration’s Monte Carlo simulations, which will be used to study questions related to the dynamic motion of the stored muon beam. The Regis group will also contribute to the completion of the technical proposal for the MUonE experiment and to its first physics data collection, initially taking on roles in the design, simulation, and testing of the electromagnetic calorimeter and other downstream detector components.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项将支持Regis University Group继续探讨少数已知的实验差异之一，该差异是亚原理的标准模型，该模型编码了我们对物质和能源的基本构建基础的理解。 Fermilab Muon G-2实验观察到Muons，它们是像大型电子一样的亚原子颗粒，它们在磁场中移动。它测量了Muons旋转方向旋转的速率；该速率取决于Muons的各种相互作用的总和，可能包括与新粒子的相互作用或尚未直接发现的新型力的相互作用。标准模型做出了精确的理论预测。它与最近发布的数据收集第一年的结果有所不同，该水平可能揭示了新的物理过程的影响。已经收集了一个更大的数据集并正在分析，并且预计数据收集了一年。同时，标准模型预测的精度主要受Hadron的贡献的不确定性限制：由夸克和麸质组成的颗粒，这些粒子是核物理的领域。 REGIS组将在Fermilab实验的完成和CERN的Muone实验的开发中大量参与，该实验将使用独立的方法来衡量HADRONIC贡献。瑞吉大学的物理学计划是针对本科生的，该奖项将为物理专业和未成年人提供机会参与核物理学领域的领先研究。他们将在MUON G-2和MUONE实验中以实质性的心理参与时发展实验室，数据分析和计算技能。 Furthermore, Regis University is a divers campus, so many of the Students who will be supported by this renewed grant are expected to be from groups that are currently underrepresented in the sciences.The Muon g-2 experiment will improve the precision of the measurement of the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment from 350 to 140 parts per billion (ppb), providing a window for discovery.按计划，将实验扩展到最终运行中的负元极性，还将允许对CPT和Lorentz对称性进行精确测试。与当前为370 ppb的标准模型预测相关的不确定性很快将成为解释MUON G-2结果的限制因素。这种不确定性主要来自Hadronic真空极化成分，Muone将从电磁偶联（Alpha）的运行中确定，在靶电子中，MUON光束的弹性散射中的能量尺度。 Regis University Group将继续从MUON G-2实验中的“纤维竖琴”束监测探测器进行操作和分析数据，并进一步开发协作的蒙特卡洛模拟，该模拟将用于研究与存储的Muon Beam的动态运动有关的问题。 Regis组还将为Muone实验的技术建议以及其首次物理数据收集的完成，最初在设计，模拟和测试中扮演电磁Calolimimeter仪和其他下游探测器组件的角色。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估了构成师的构成师的构想，并反映了构成的依据。