NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Linking Mammalian Omnivore Ecological Traits to Biogeography and Morphology

NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：将哺乳动物杂食动物生态特征与生物地理学和形态学联系起来

• 批准号: 2209402
• 负责人: Dana Reuter
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Reuter, Dana Marie
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209402&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; Linking

Fellow's name: Dana ReuterProposal number: 2209402Research title: NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Linking Mammalian Omnivore Ecological Traits to Biogeography and MorphologySponsoring scientist(s) and host institution(s): Dr. Robert Guralnick, Florida Museum of Natural History; Dr. A. Michelle Lawing, Texas A&M University.This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2021, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. One of the main goals of ecology is to understand the rules that underly how species respond to environmental change, and specifically whole community response to resource shifts. A large proportion of mammals are omnivores (that is, they eat both plant and animal-based foods), but we do not know linkage between omnivorous dietary traits, key physical traits such as jaw shape, and the environment. This lack of knowledge also prevents paleontologists from reconstructing omnivorous diets in the fossil record, ultimately limiting more complete understanding of long-term processes underlying biological innovation. This project aims to better understand linkages between omnivorous diets and jaw and dental shape and how diet and shape are structured across communities and landscapes. The results of this project will help inform future estimates of how mammals and communities will respond to environmental changes.This project has two main objectives: 1) Characterize omnivore biogeography by assessing species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity in mammalian omnivores on the North American landscape; 2) Determine morphological adaptations tied to consuming different food materials in omnivorous mammals. These objectives will be accomplished by first developing a new database of North American mammalian diets that focuses on omnivore diet variation and the metadata of the primary data sources. The PI will use the newly developed diet database, species range maps, vegetation indexes, and previously published mammalian phylogenetic trees to test whether omnivore diet type and body mass limits omnivores to certain habitats or regions. Additionally, the PI will collect 3D scans of mammalian jaws and use machine learning approaches to test whether jaw morphology and dental topology vary in predictable ways among omnivores with differing diets. The fellow will receive training in bioinformatics and database development, phylogenetic comparative methods, and ecomorphological data collection techniques. The fellow will also mentor undergraduate students using biological collections and engage the broader public in biological inquiry through involvement in K-12 classrooms and outreach events and videos at Natural History Museums.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

同伴的姓名：Dana Reuterpropopals编号：2209402研究名称：NSF生物学博士后奖学金：将哺乳动物杂志的生态特征与生物地理学和形态学的科学家（S）联系起来：S）：S）：S）：Robert Guralnick，Florida of Florida of Florida of Florida of Florida of Natural Histural Museum of Natural Histural Museum of Natural Histural Museum Museum of Natural Histural Museum；德克萨斯州农工大学A. Michelle Lawing博士。该行动为2021财年生物学的NSF博士后研究奖学金提供了研究，研究了研究基因组，环境和表型之间相互作用的生活规则。奖学金支持对研究员的研究和培训，这些研究和培训将以创新的方式为生活规则做出贡献。生态学的主要目标之一是了解物种对环境变化的反应，尤其是整个社区对资源转移的反应的规则。哺乳动物很大一部分是杂食动物（即它们都吃植物和动物的食物），但我们不知道杂食性饮食特征，关键的物理特征，例如下颌形状和环境之间的联系。缺乏知识还阻止古生物学家在化石记录中重建杂食性饮食，最终限制了对生物创新基础的长期过程的更完整理解。该项目旨在更好地了解杂食性饮食与下巴与牙齿形状之间的联系，以及如何在社区和景观中建立饮食和形状。该项目的结果将有助于告知未来估计哺乳动物和社区将如何应对环境变化。该项目具有两个主要目标：1）通过评估北美景观上哺乳动物肥胖的物种丰富度，系统发育多样性和功能多样性来表征杂食生物地理学； 2）确定与食用杂食性哺乳动物不同食物材料相关的形态适应。这些目标将首先开发出一个新的北美哺乳动物饮食数据库，该数据库的重点是杂食饮食差异和主要数据源的元数据。 PI将使用新开发的饮食数据库，物种范围地图，植被指数以及先前发表的哺乳动物系统发育树来测试杂食饮食类型和体重限制是否杂食于某些栖息地或地区。此外，PI将收集哺乳动物颌骨的3D扫描，并使用机器学习方法来测试下颌的形态和牙齿拓扑学的可预测方式是否有所不同。该研究员将接受生物信息学和数据库开发，系统发育比较方法和生态形态数据收集技术的培训。这位研究员还将通过生物学收藏来指导本科生，并通过自然历史博物馆的K-12教室和外展活动和视频参与来参与生物学调查。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子的知识和更广泛的影响来评估通过评估的支持。