NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Hybridization and the dynamics of morphological and genetic differentiation during evolutionary radiation

NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：进化辐射过程中的杂交以及形态和遗传分化的动态

• 批准号: 2209393
• 负责人: Isaac Lichter Marck
• 金额: $ 20.7万
• 依托单位: Lichter Marck, Isaac H
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209393&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; Hybridization

Fellow's name: Isaac Lichter Marck Proposal number: 2209393Research title: Hybridization and the dynamics of morphological and genetic differentiation during evolutionary radiationSponsoring scientist(s) and host institution(s): Dr. Felipe Zapata, University of California, Los Angeles & Dr. Rosita Scherson, University of ChileThis action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2022, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. Variation is the raw material for the process of evolution by natural selection, but where does natural variation come from? One hypothesis is that gene exchange between different species, or hybridization, could bring foreign genes into the gene pool and boost the variation available for evolution. This research will test the role of hybridization in providing the raw material for evolution in a diverse tribe of sunflowers called the rock daisies (Perityleae) found in mountains, islands, and deserts in North and South America. The research will develop statistical tools to understand when hybrids have formed during the recent radiation of the rock daisies using genetics, morphology, and ecology. In documenting the mechanisms generating diversity in this group, the fellow will gain valuable training in hybridization studies and bioinformatics as well as developing teaching modules for free dissemination about how we can better preserve biodiversity for future generations. Hybridization may play a fundamental role during evolutionary radiations through two pathways: by seeding variation via hybridization at the onset (the hybrid origins hypothesis) and by generating variability through reticulation among members of a radiating clade (the syngameon hypothesis). The fellow will test these hypotheses during the radiation of the rock daisies at three scales in which shifts into new adaptive zones occurred. At the sub genome level, the fellow will test whether hybridization arose prior to trans-oceanic dispersal to Guadalupe Island in an allopolyploid island endemic plant (Nesothamnus incanus). At the population level, the fellow will investigate whether hybrid origins of South American rock daisies boosted variation prior to long-distance dispersal, facilitating intercontinental invasion success. In a diverse clade of interest, the fellow will integrate microevolutionary and macroevolutionary data from 57 taxa in the genus Laphamia into a time calibrated framework to reconstruct the dynamics of hybridization, genetic differentiation, and morphological disparification during a biome shift into the North American Deserts. The fellow will gain valuable training in phylogenetic methods and international interdisciplinary collaboration. To broaden participation in science, the fellow will undergraduates, develop bilingual teaching modules in English and Spanish, and distribute novel tools to fellow researchers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Fellow's name: Isaac Lichter Marck Proposal number: 2209393Research title: Hybridization and the dynamics of morphological and genetic differentiation during evolutionary radiationSponsoring scientist(s) and host institution(s): Dr. Felipe Zapata, University of California, Los Angeles & Dr. Rosita Scherson, University of ChileThis action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology对于2022财年，综合研究研究了基因组，环境和表型之间相互作用的生命规则。奖学金支持对研究员的研究和培训，这些研究和培训将以创新的方式为生活规则做出贡献。变化是通过自然选择进化过程的原材料，但是自然变化从何而来？一个假设是，不同物种或杂交之间的基因交换可以将外源基因带入基因库中，并增加可用于进化的变异。这项研究将测试杂交在提供进化的原材料中的作用，以在北美和南美的山区，岛屿和沙漠中发现的称为岩石雏菊（Perityleae）的多种向日葵部落。这项研究将开发统计工具，以了解何时使用遗传学，形态和生态学在岩石雏菊的近期辐射过程中形成杂种。在记录该小组中产生多样性的机制时，该研究员将在杂交研究和生物信息学方面获得宝贵的培训，以及开发教学模块，以自由传播我们如何更好地保护未来后代的生物多样性。杂交在进化辐射过程中通过两种途径可能起着基本作用：通过在发作时通过杂交通过杂交播种（杂交起源假说），以及通过辐射进化枝的成员之间的网状（Syngameon假说）来产生可变性。研究员将在岩石雏菊辐射期间以三个量表的形式检验这些假设，其中发生了新的自适应区。在亚基因组水平上，该研究员将测试是否在跨外洋分散到瓜达卢佩岛（Nesothamnus incanus）之前是否出现了杂交。在人口层面，该研究员将调查南美摇滚雏菊的混合起源是否在长距离散布之前提高了变化，从而促进了洲际入侵的成功。在一个感兴趣的多样化的进化枝中，该研究员将整合从57种洛ap虫中的57个分类单元的微观进化和宏观进化数据中，以重建杂交，遗传分化和形态学分离的动态，在生物群体转移到北美沙漠中。该研究员将获得有价值的系统发育方法和国际跨学科合作的培训。为了扩大科学的参与，该研究员将在本科生中，开发英语和西班牙语的双语教学模块，并向研究人员分发新颖的工具。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持。