DISES:Restoration of a southwestern cultural keystone species: Integrating socio-ecological systems to predict resilience of traditional acorn harvest by western Apache communities

疾病：西南文化关键物种的恢复：整合社会生态系统来预测西部阿帕奇社区传统橡子收获的恢复力

• 批准号: 2206810
• 负责人: Sara Souther
• 金额: $ 146万
• 依托单位: Northern Arizona University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-15 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2206810&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISES; Restoration; southwestern; cultural; keystone

For many Native American communities, spiritual and cultural activities rely on natural resources that provide food, dyes, medicines, and materials for traditional crafts. In the southwestern US, western Apache people use Emory oak acorns (Chi-chil) to cook traditional or ceremonial foods. For thousands of years, Apache Tribes managed key processes in oak woodlands, moving acorns around the landscape, shaping fire patterns, and hunting wildlife that feed on acorns and young plants. Similarly, oak forests supported cultural practices, provided nutritious food, and encouraged families to meet, giving elders the opportunity to teach new generations about traditional life ways. For these reasons, the health of both Apache communities and oak woodlands are linked. The relationship between western Apache Tribes and Emory oaks was disrupted after most Apache people were moved to reservations in the 1800s. Now, Emory oaks are declining due to factors like drought, which are increasing in severity due to climate change. At the same time, fewer young Apache Tribal members harvest acorns than in the past. By examining patterns hidden in the DNA and tree rings of Emory oak, combined with the knowledge of tribal elders, researchers, and tribal members piece together key aspects of the traditional relationship between Apache people and oaks. Lessons from the past combined with an understanding of modern oak woodlands allows researchers to develop strategies to better conserve oaks, and in doing so, support Apache traditions related to acorn harvest. The project will contribute to the training of Indigenous scholars by reaching out to undergraduate interns and graduate fellows at historically Indigenous learning institutions. Broder impacts will also arise from a novel mentorship program that includes Tribal professionals and/or elders on student advising teams to foster a supportive learning environment, increase student retention, and integrate traditional ecological knowledge into western scientific knowledge frameworks. The research will support tribal youth initiatives and intergenerational knowledge transfer, and it will curate sociological and ecological information to ensure persistence of regional Indigenous knowledge. For thousands of years the Apache people influenced the oak ecosystems, by moving acorns around the landscape, altering patterns of disturbance like fire regimes, and affecting wildlife consumption of acorns and seedlings. When Apache communities were relocated onto reservations, traditional management and knowledge of these oak woodlands was largely lost. Today, oak populations are declining, and fewer Apache youth practice traditional harvest. In the case of Emory oaks, climate change drives habitats to cooler or wetter areas, sometimes away from tribal lands, and intensifies disturbances like drought and fire that can destroy traditional gathering sites. To address this problem, this research reconstructs key components of the past Emory oak-western Apache system using Apache oral history and ecological messages from the past. Ecological Data will be collected from tree rings and genetic sampling. The researchers will integrate this historical information into models, in combination with data describing current ecological function and cultural practices using multi-paradigm modeling techniques. These analytical methods will integrate social and ecological variables, flows, and feedbacks within complex socio-ecological systems and advance socio- ecological modeling, which necessitates the incorporation of disparate data types into quantitative frameworks to explore emergent system properties.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对于许多美洲原住民社区，精神和文化活动依赖于为传统手工艺品提供食物，染料，药物和材料的自然资源。在美国西南部，西方阿帕奇人使用埃默里橡树橡子（Chi-chil）烹饪传统或礼仪食品。数千年来，Apache部落在橡木林地上管理了关键过程，在景观周围移动橡子，塑造火灾模式，并以捕食橡子和幼植的植物为食的野生动植物。同样，橡树森林支持文化习俗，提供营养食品，并鼓励家庭见面，使长者有机会向新一代传统的传统生活方式传授。由于这些原因，Apache社区和橡树林的健康状况都链接在一起。西方阿帕奇部落和埃默里·奥克斯（Emory Oaks）之间的关系破坏了大多数阿帕奇（Apache）在1800年代被转移到保留地。现在，由于干旱等因素，由于气候变化，埃默里·橡树（Emory Oaks）正在下降。同时，年轻的Apache部落成员收获橡子的少于过去。通过检查隐藏在埃默里橡树的DNA和树环中的模式，再加上部落长老，研究人员和部落成员的知识，将阿帕奇人与橡树之间传统关系的关键方面融合在一起。过去的经验教训与对现代橡木林地的理解相结合，使研究人员能够制定策略以更好地保护橡木，并在此过程中支持与橡子收获有关的Apache传统。该项目将通过与历史上土著学习机构的本科实习生和研究生伙伴接触，从而为土著学者的培训做出贡献。 Broder的影响还将来自一个新颖的指导计划，其中包括部落专业人士和/或成年人在学生建议团队上，以促进支持性学习环境，增加学生的保留率，并将传统的生态知识纳入西方科学知识框架。该研究将支持部落青年计划和代际知识转移，并将策划社会学和生态信息，以确保区域土著知识的持续存在。数千年来，阿帕奇人通过在景观周围移动橡子，改变了诸如火灾制度之类的干扰模式，并影响橡子和幼苗的野生动植物消费，从而影响了橡木生态系统。当Apache社区被重新安置在保留范围内时，这些橡木林的传统管理和知识在很大程度上丢失了。如今，橡树种群正在下降，而Apache青年则减少了传统收获。就埃默里橡树而言，气候变化将栖息地驱动到较冷或湿润的地区，有时会远离部落土地，并加剧了干旱和火灾等干扰，可以破坏传统的聚会场所。为了解决这个问题，本研究重建了过去使用Apache口述历史记录和过去的生态信息的过去Emory Oak-Western Apache系统的关键组成部分。生态数据将从树环和遗传抽样中收集。研究人员将将这些历史信息纳入模型，并结合使用多范式建模技术描述当前的生态功能和文化实践的数据。这些分析方法将在复杂的社会生态系统中整合社会和生态变量，流量和反馈，并提高社会生态建模，这需要将不同的数据类型纳入定量框架中，以探索新兴的系统属性。该奖项奖励NSF的法定任务反映了通过评估范围的构成范围的范围，并已被认为是众所周知的构成者的知识群体。

项目成果

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into US public land management: Knowledge gaps and research priorities

将传统生态知识纳入美国公共土地管理：知识差距和研究重点

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.988126
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Souther, Sara;Colombo, Sarah;Lyndon, Nanebah N.
• 通讯作者: Lyndon, Nanebah N.