RII Track-4:NSF:Chloroplast retrograde signaling during plant immunity: integrating signal transduction and cellular dynamics

RII Track-4：NSF：植物免疫过程中叶绿体逆行信号传导：整合信号转导和细胞动力学

• 批准号: 2131860
• 负责人: Clemencia Rojas
• 金额: $ 16.33万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131860&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; NSF; Chloroplast; retrograde

Plants are able to fight potential pathogens through a complex defense system that involves multiple compartments inside the cell. One type of compartment is the chloroplast, which in addition to participating in photosynthesis, also generates signaling molecules that turn on genes in the nucleus, a process known as retrograde signaling. This Research Infrastructure Improvement RII Track-4 fellowship will investigate how chloroplast retrograde signaling in living cells operates during plant immunity, and how pathogens interfere with this process. This research requires advanced microscopy instruments available at the host institution, The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, where the research will be conducted. This research will provide training opportunities for a Hispanic female faculty and a Hispanic graduate student. The knowledge gained from this project will inform the development of strategies to enhance plant defense responses to control plant diseases and reduce their economic and societal impact. Chloroplasts have emerged as important organelles in plant immunity, both as a source of defense signaling molecules, and as major regulators of defense responses. In response to pathogens, chloroplasts re-localize around the nucleus, presumably to facilitate retrograde signaling, a process by which signaling molecules originating in chloroplasts activate gene expression in the nucleus. While retrograde signaling has been recognized, it is not fully understood how it operates during plant immunity. The main goal of this fellowship is to dissect the cellular and regulatory events associated with chloroplast retrograde signaling during plant immunity by 1) delineating how bacterial pathogens with distinct lifestyles impact chloroplast dynamics, 2) characterizing the chloroplast-nuclear communication associated with plant defense responses, and 3) evaluating signal-dependent gene expression in situ. The research proposed requires advanced live-imaging technologies to monitor chloroplast dynamics and chloroplast-mediated responses after infection with bacterial pathogens. This research will provide deeper understanding of the cellular processes associated with plant immunity to enable guided strategies to control plant diseases. Moreover, this research will facilitate advancing live-cell imaging technologies in Arkansas.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物能够通过复杂的防御系统对抗潜在的病原体，该系统涉及细胞内的多个隔室。一种类型的区室是叶绿体，它除了参与光合作用外，还产生信号分子，打开细胞核中的基因，这一过程称为逆行信号传导。这项研究基础设施改进 RII Track-4 奖学金将研究活细胞中叶绿体逆行信号在植物免疫过程中如何运作，以及病原体如何干扰这一过程。这项研究需要主办机构唐纳德丹福斯植物科学中心提供先进的显微镜仪器，该研究将在那里进行。这项研究将为一名西班牙裔女教师和一名西班牙裔研究生提供培训机会。从该项目中获得的知识将为制定战略提供信息，以增强植物防御反应，以控制植物病害并减少其经济和社会影响。叶绿体已成为植物免疫中的重要细胞器，既作为防御信号分子的来源，又作为防御反应的主要调节因子。为了应对病原体，叶绿体重新定位在细胞核周围，可能是为了促进逆行信号传导，即源自叶绿体的信号分子激活细胞核中基因表达的过程。虽然逆行信号传导已被认识，但尚不完全了解它在植物免疫过程中如何运作。该奖学金的主要目标是剖析植物免疫过程中与叶绿体逆行信号相关的细胞和调控事件，方法是：1）描述具有不同生活方式的细菌病原体如何影响叶绿体动态，2）表征与植物防御反应相关的叶绿体-核通讯， 3)原位评估信号依赖性基因表达。拟议的研究需要先进的实时成像技术来监测细菌病原体感染后叶绿体动力学和叶绿体介导的反应。这项研究将更深入地了解与植物免疫相关的细胞过程，从而制定控制植物病害的指导策略。此外，这项研究将促进阿肯色州活细胞成像技术的进步。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。