Collaborative Research: EAGER--Novel Sampling and Isotopic Characterization of Upper Strato- to Mesospheric Photochemistry

合作研究：EAGER——上平层至中层光化学的新型采样和同位素表征

• 批准号: 2204475
• 负责人: David Johnston
• 金额: $ 3.61万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2204475&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAGER; Novel; Sampling

Isotopes in the atmosphere, such as 17O, 18O and others, can be used as tracers to track the movement of the atmosphere and understand the chemical reactions producing them. Obtaining measurements of such isotopes is difficult in the mesosphere which is too high to be reached by balloons. This project will experiment with a novel rocket technology to obtain air samples in the mesosphere and use state of the art mass spectrometers to analyze isotopes in the samples.The team plans to deploy a novel, zero-carbon emission rocket that will enable atmospheric sample collection at 37 km and 70 km altitude in the atmosphere. This will provide proof-of-concept for a clean, inexpensive, and efficient rocket sampler capable of atmospheric exploration well beyond the current altitude limit of conventional balloons (30 km). This rocket technology and platform will facilitate direct sampling of the upper atmosphere, especially the mesosphere on a scale that is currently economically and environmentally infeasible. Four atmospheric samples (2 launches at 37 km, 2 at 70 km) will be isotopically characterized using state of the art mass spectrometers at both UCSD and Harvard. The target atmospheric gasses are O2, CO2 and N2, which have either never been, or are severely under-sampled at these altitudes, limiting our understanding of mesospheric contributions to the stratosphere and troposphere. Isotopic analyses will also extend to the trace oxygen isotope – 17O – and isotopic ‘clumping’ in both O2 and CO2. The measurements will be compared to new laboratory experiments on the CO2-O2-O3 photochemical system, which aim to better constrain the characteristic isotope effects and physical chemistry of Mesosphere/Stratosphere O3 photolysis. This new rocket borne sampling technology is more flexible in terms of altitude targets, cheap relative to other sampling platforms, and environmentally responsible. It will open up new opportunities for sampling the atmosphere, most notably the mesosphere, and enable direct insight into atmospheric photochemistry, specially that related to ozone cycle, and better insight into this chemistry in situ and as it relates to airmasses being delivered to the strato- and troposphereThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大气中的同位素（例如17o，18o等）可以用作跟踪大气运动并了解产生它们的化学反应的示踪剂。在中层中，很难获得这种同位素的测量，这太高了，无法通过气球达到。该项目将尝试一种新型的火箭技术，以在Mesosphere中获取空气样品，并使用最先进的质谱仪来分析样品中的同位素。该团队计划在大气中部署37公里和70 km高空的大气样品收集新颖的零碳发射火箭。这将为概念验证提供，可为大气探索的清洁，廉价且高效的火箭采样器远远超出了传统气球的当前高度极限（30 km）。这种火箭技术和平台将支持高层大气的直接采样，尤其是在经济和环境上不可行的规模上。四个大气样品（在37 km处发射2个，在70公里处2个发射）将使用UCSD和哈佛大学的最先进的质谱仪进行同位素表征。目标大气气体是从未发生过的O2，CO2和N2，或者在这些高度上被严重采样，从而限制了我们对中层层对平流层和对流层的贡献的理解。同位素分析也将扩展到痕量氧同位素 - 17O - 和O2和CO2中的同位素“团块”。测量结果将与CO2-O2-O3光化学系统上的新实验室实验进行比较，该实验旨在更好地限制中层/平流层O3光解的特征同位素效应和物理化学。这种新的火箭出生的采样技术在海拔目标方面更加灵活，相对于其他采样平台廉价，并且对环境负责。它将为取样气氛（最著名的是中层）打开新的机会，并能够直接深入了解大气光化学，特别是与臭氧周期相关，并更好地深入了解这种化学的原位，以及与散发性和天线埃斯特奖相关的Airmases，它与NSF的Inforthorial Indortiral Indertiral Inderniut of Sertrairauriant the Internutial Indertrial the Interniut of Serem exterrial te Inderiational相关，并反映了众所周知的代表性，该奖项的含义是众所周知的，该奖项的基础是代表的，该奖项的含义是eimpariation ter Indertiral of Serem of terem ter的依据。审查标准。