A GIS database and Map of Marine and Terrestrial Glacial Features Related to Mid- to Late-Pleistocene Arctic Ocean Glaciation

与中更新世北冰洋冰川作用相关的海洋和陆地冰川特征GIS数据库和地图

• 批准号: 2203061
• 负责人: Louise Farquharson
• 金额: $ 23万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2203061&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GIS; database; Map; Marine; Terrestrial

The Arctic is now at the frontline of climate change as surface air temperatures warm twice as fast as the rest of the globe. Unprecedented reductions in sea ice cover are pushing the Arctic into unknown conditions. Among the most critical components of the cryosphere are high-latitude glaciers, which hold more than 99% of the world’s fresh water. These glaciers are inherently unstable and thus sensitive to climate change. We can look to how glacial systems responded to climate change in the past to better understand future glacier dynamics and to constrain future projections of glacial contributions to sea level rise. Evidence is building in support of a thick ice-sheet that spanned the Arctic Ocean, possibly multiple times, during the past 130,000 years. This project aims to bring together a diverse array of geologic evidence from the Arctic Ocean and the surrounding coastal plains, to explore the timing and extent of Arctic Ocean glaciation during the mid- to late-Pleistocene. This research will help us better understand whether an Arctic Ocean wide ice sheet existed in the past, which will in turn help us better understand future ice sheet changes.Ice sheets and ice shelves at high latitudes are of particular interest in understanding future glacier dynamics because geologic records suggest that they may advance and retreat out-of-phase with glaciers at mid-latitudes due to moisture limitations in full glacial conditions. As such, high-latitude glaciation may display non-intuitive behavior in response to climate change. The main objective of the project is to improve our understanding of the extent of glaciation in the western Arctic Ocean during the mid to late Pleistocene and to identify the main sources of ice that contributed to ice-sheet build up. The project will build a geographic information system database of previously collected geologic evidence of Arctic Ocean glaciation in the Beaufort-Chukchi region, allowing researchers to test the hypothesis that glaciation was extensive in the western Arctic Ocean at several points during the Pleistocene. Existing datasets that will be synthesized from data archives, publications and reports include (1) marine survey data from hull mounted chirp and multibeam sonars collected by numerous scientific cruises to the region, (2) marine sediment cores, and (3) terrestrial records of glacial erratic boulders and ancient raised beach ridges. Results from this research will improve our understanding of how high-latitude ice sheets can behave during periods of climatic change. This project will support one MSc student and a female early career PI.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

现在，北极在气候变化的前线，因为地表空气温度温暖的速度是全球其他地方的两倍。海冰覆盖的前所未有的减少将北极推向未知条件。冰冻圈中最关键的组成部分是高纬度冰川，该冰川拥有超过99％的淡水。这些冰川天生不稳定，因此对气候变化敏感。我们可以研究冰川系统如何应对过去的气候变化，以更好地了解未来的冰川动态，并限制冰川对海平面上升的未来项目。证据是为了支持在过去130，000年中多次跨越北极海的厚冰块。该项目旨在从北极海洋和周围的沿海计划中汇集一系列潜水员的地质证据，以探索中后期中期到后期期间北极海洋冰川的时间和程度。这项研究将有助于我们更好地了解过去是否存在北极海洋宽的冰盖，这反过来又将帮助我们更好地了解未来的冰盖变化。高纬度地区的冰片和冰架特别感兴趣，这是理解未来的冰川动态的感兴趣，因为地质记录表明它们可能会在全面的冰川范围内散发出冰川范围内的冰川，并在全面的冰川范围内进行全面的冰川限制。因此，高纬度冰川可能会响应气候变化而显示出非直觉的行为。该项目的主要目的是提高我们对中期到晚更新世的西方北极海洋冰川程度的理解，并确定有助于冰盖堆积的冰的主要来源。该项目将在Beaufort-Chukchi地区建立一个地理信息系统数据库，该数据库是先前收集的北极海洋冰川冰川地质证据，从而使研究人员能够检验以下假设：在更新世期间，西方北极海洋中的几个点冰川在西方海洋中广泛广泛。将从数据档案，出版物和报告中合成的现有数据集包括（1）来自赫尔架架的chirp chirp和众多科学巡游收集到该地区的海洋调查数据，（2）海洋沉积物核心，以及（3）冰川腐烂的冰川不稳定的冰川和古老的raister raised海滩山脊。这项研究的结果将提高我们对在气候变化期间高纬度冰盖表现如何行为的理解。该项目将支持一名MSC学生和一名女性早期职业生涯。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准来评估，被认为是宝贵的支持。