Collaborative Research: How many routes to the same phenotype? Genetic changes underlying parallel acquisition of mimetic color patterns across bumble bees

合作研究：有多少条途径可以达到相同的表型？

基本信息

批准号：
2126417
负责人：
Heather Hines
金额：
$ 85.05万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-01-01 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2126417&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research How many routes

项目摘要

Hundreds of bumble bee species are important pollinators worldwide. They also have interesting behaviors and morphologies that tell us about evolution. Color pattern diversity is the most notable of these traits. These species have hundreds of different patterns of yellow, orange, black, and white hairs across their bodies. This diversity is related to mimicry, whereby species converge upon the same pattern to avoid predation. However, that dominant color pattern differs by region. This repeated evolution of color patterns can be used to understand how genes are targeted during evolution. In the Western United States, several bumble bee species undergo parallel changes across the landscape. This research will examine the genes that drive coloration shifts in each of these western species and provide a better understanding of how repeatable evolution is. Broader impacts of the research include training undergraduate students to develop functional genetics tools. The researchers will also share their gained knowledge outside the scientific community through several events for the public and develop color pattern field guides for bumble bees.The study will compare genetic changes across color shifts to tell if the same genes are repeatedly targeted or if there are many ways to get to the same phenotype. The proposed research uses a combination of genome-wide trait association analysis and cross-developmental transcriptome comparisons to determine gene networks for color variation across five sets of mimetic species in the Western United States. This includes identifying genetic targets of selection and specific changes in final pigmentation genes. the work will determine which regions within genes are most likely to be targeted. It will determine if there are major developmental genes that get used in new functions or if downstream genes are more often targeted. It will also tell us how genetic variants inherited and transferred within and across species influence total diversity. This study will, in the process, provide genome sequences for several North American bumble bees, clarifying species boundaries hidden by mimicry. It will also improve understanding of the role of developmental and pigmentation genes in animals. Genomes will be sequenced for species across a clade of mimics to reveal how color-determining genes evolve. These objectives will provide a case study of how genetic variants and resulting changes in gene expression evolve across species under selection.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

数百种熊蜂是全世界重要的传粉媒介。它们还具有有趣的行为和形态，可以告诉我们有关进化的信息。颜色图案多样性是这些特征中最显着的。这些物种的身体上有数百种不同图案的黄色、橙色、黑色和白色毛发。这种多样性与模仿有关，即物种聚集在相同的模式上以避免被捕食。然而，主导颜色图案因地区而异。这种颜色模式的重复进化可用于了解基因在进化过程中如何被定位。在美国西部，几种熊蜂物种在整个景观中经历着平行的变化。这项研究将检查驱动每个西方物种颜色变化的基因，并更好地理解进化的可重复性。该研究的更广泛影响包括培训本科生开发功能遗传学工具。研究人员还将通过一些面向公众的活动在科学界之外分享他们获得的知识，并为大黄蜂开发颜色图案领域指南。该研究将比较不同颜色变化的遗传变化，以判断相同的基因是否被重复瞄准，或者是否有有很多方法可以达到相同的表型。拟议的研究结合了全基因组性状关联分析和跨发育转录组比较，以确定美国西部五组拟态物种颜色变化的基因网络。这包括确定选择的遗传目标和最终色素沉着基因的具体变化。这项工作将确定基因内的哪些区域最有可能成为目标。它将确定是否有主要的发育基因被用于新功能，或者下游基因是否更经常成为目标。它还将告诉我们遗传变异如何在物种内和物种间遗传和转移影响总体多样性。在此过程中，这项研究将提供几种北美大黄蜂的基因组序列，澄清被拟态隐藏的物种界限。它还将增进对动物发育和色素沉着基因作用的理解。将对拟态进化枝中的物种进行基因组测序，以揭示颜色决定基因如何进化。这些目标将提供一个案例研究，说明遗传变异和由此产生的基因表达变化如何在选择的物种之间进化。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。