CAREER: Evolution of Collective Disaster Memory: A Dynamic Behavioral and Systems Analysis toward Community Resilience

职业：集体灾难记忆的演变：社区复原力的动态行为和系统分析

• 批准号: 2146483
• 负责人: David Yu
• 金额: $ 54.67万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2146483&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Evolution; Collective; Disaster; Memory

People recollect and share information about past natural disasters. A cultural trait known as collective disaster memory emerges when such information is widely shared among contemporaries or passed down to subsequent generations through conversations, historical texts, or built environment features. Although collective memory has a potential to significantly shape people’s vulnerability/ defense to future similar events through changes in their preparations and ways of thinking, there is a lack of empirical understanding of under what set of conditions disaster memories can be collectively forgotten or sustained over multiple generations. This Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER) award supports research to study this puzzle in the context of flood hazards, flood memory, and the built environment for flood protection. Multiple methods, comprised of surveys and case studies based in distinct risk settings (Portland, Oregon and Houston, Texas) and human-subject behavioral experiments, will be used to test hypotheses related to explaining variation in the durability of collective disaster memory. Based on the empirical data, system-level models will be developed to computationally test how different forms of memory transmission and people’s adaptations affect the dynamics of collective memory and regional vulnerability in different environmental and social settings. The project will also contribute to education in two ways: developing a new method and tools for evaluation of students’ learning about social and collective memory implications of civil engineering; and offering education and training opportunities for the next-generation workforce in disaster science and resilience studies through mentored research experiences and new course modules. This project will address two key questions: 1) how different configurations of memory transmission forms and physical and social contextual factors will lead to differences in the durability of collective flood memory and 2) how the state of such memory, in turn, affects people’s collective action to deal with future flood events. This will be achieved through a multi-method approach comprised of behavioral experiments, surveys and case data collection, and systems modeling. The research will begin with case studies of two distinct areas (Portland, Oregon and Houston, Texas) to generate case specific insights, identifying the details of each area’s historical flood events and their memories. A survey will be conducted in each case area with the representative random sample of the general public to assess the current collective memory states of the historical floods and how people learned about them. This will be followed by controlled behavioral experiments with different populations to test effects of different forms of memory or cultural transmission on the durability of collective memory and group ability to solve a collective-risk social dilemma framed as a public levee maintenance problem. The resulting empirical findings will be compared and triangulated for the generality and transferability of the results. Finally, generic system-level models of collective memory dynamics in a prototypical human-flood system will be developed and tested for synthesis and generalizable understanding. This project is expected to lead to new knowledge, tools, and research trajectory for disaster science and resilience studies that consider the effects of collective disaster memory and its interplay with built and social environmental features. The project’s significance lies in its rigorous experimental and modeling work that seeks to disentangle and test unresolved hypotheses related to the relationship among the durability of disaster memory, different forms of cultural transmission, infrastructure and hazard attributes, and underlying social structures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人们回想起并分享有关过去自然灾害的信息。当这种信息在当代人之间广泛共享或通过对话，历史文本或建筑环境特征传递给后代时，就会出现一种称为集体灾难记忆的文化特征。尽管集体记忆有可能通过改变他们的准备工作和思维方式来显着影响人们对未来类似事件的脆弱性/防御，但在哪种情况下，对灾难记忆的灾难记忆缺乏经验的理解，可以集体被遗忘或维持多代人。这项教师早期职业发展计划（职业）奖支持研究，以洪水危害，洪水记忆和洪水保护的建筑环境来研究这一难题。多种方法，包括基于不同风险环境（波特兰，俄勒冈州和德克萨斯州休斯顿）和人类受试者行为实验的调查和案例研究，将用于检验与解释集体灾难记忆持续性变化有关的假设。基于经验数据，将开发系统级模型来计算测试不同形式的内存传输和人们的适应方式如何影响不同环境和社交环境中集体内存和区域脆弱性的动态。该项目还将通过两种方式为教育做出贡献：开发一种新方法和工具，以评估学生对土木工程的社会和集体记忆影响的学习；并通过指导的研究经验和新的课程模块为灾难科学和韧性研究的下一代劳动力提供教育和培训机会。该项目将解决两个关键问题：1）记忆传输形式以及物理和社会上下文因素的不同配置将如何导致集体洪水记忆的耐用性差异； 2）这种记忆的状态又如何影响人们的集体行动来应对未来的洪水事件。这将通过完成行为实验，调查和案例数据收集以及系统建模的多方法方法来实现。该研究将从对两个不同领域（波特兰，俄勒冈州和德克萨斯州休斯顿）的案例研究开始，以产生特定的见解，从而确定每个地区历史洪水事件及其记忆的细节。将在每个情况区域进行一项调查，并与公众的代表性随机样本一起评估历史楼层的当前集体记忆状态以及人们如何了解它们。之后将进行控制的行为实验，具有不同的人群，以测试不同形式的记忆或文化传播对集体记忆的耐用性以及解决集体风险的社会难题的持久性的影响。将比较结果的经验结果，并为结果的一般性和转移性进行三角测量。最后，将开发并测试原型人类流体系统中集体内存动态的通用系统级模型，以进行合成和可概括的理解。预计该项目将导致灾难科学和弹性研究的新知识，工具和研究轨迹，这些研究及其与建筑和社会环境特征相互作用的影响。该项目的意义在于其严格的实验和建模工作，旨在消除和测试与灾难记忆，不同形式的文化传播，基础设施和危害属性的不同形式之间关系的未解决的假设以及基本的社会结构的基本奖励，这反映了NNSF的诚实诚实的构建，这是诚实的构建依据。 标准。