CAREER: Quantifying the Sea Salt Aerosol Size Distribution in the Coastal Atmosphere: The Role of Wind and Waves

职业：量化沿海大气中海盐气溶胶尺寸分布：风和波浪的作用

• 批准号: 2145502
• 负责人: Alison Nugent
• 金额: $ 89.95万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2145502&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Quantifying; Sea; Salt; Aerosol

This study will investigate the role of wind, waves, and other atmospheric and oceanic properties that influence the production of sea salt aerosol in coastal environments of three Pacific islands. Sea salt aerosol are natural particles suspended in the atmosphere, formed at the ocean surface from breaking waves and bursting bubbles. Despite their small size, they are important in the marine atmosphere as they directly and indirectly impact phenomena including solar radiation and cloud formation. However, due to scientists’ incomplete understanding of the sizes and number of particles produced by breaking waves, especially in coastal regions, it is difficult to assess their impacts. This study will use low-cost, 3D-printed instrumentation both for sampling sea salt aerosol, and for observing weather on multiple Pacific islands. Enhanced estimation of the amount of sea salt in the atmosphere and additional real time weather information will improve weather and climate predictions worldwide. Also, using high-quality, low-cost, hand-made instrumentation allows for this work to be accessible and engaging for students in a unique way, highlighting the role of curiosity, problem solving, and hands-on methodology from start to finish.The goal of this work is to investigate the role of the coastal environment in determining the size distribution of sea salt aerosol particles (SSA) measured in-situ within the coastal marine boundary layer. SSAs are especially important due to their role in direct and indirect radiative effects, including aerosol-cloud interactions, providing one of the largest uncertainties in future climate scenarios. It is notoriously difficult to measure large coarse mode SSA ( 3 microns), and as such, few observations of this size range exist. Using portable, low-cost, 3D-printed and Arduino controlled instrumentation, this study will regularly measure coarse mode SSA size distributions under a wide variety of environmental conditions and in multiple locations in order to provide a consistent, quantifiable, and climatological understanding of SSA production in tropical coastal environments. In addition, 3D-Printed Automatic Weather Stations (3D-PAWS) will be built and installed by undergraduate students in area schools on Oʻahu and training workshops will be provided on two additional Pacific Islands to jumpstart cyberinfrastructure and build capacity for atmospheric monitoring on remote Pacific islands. These efforts will lower barriers and create opportunities by providing the foundation for learning and implementing applicable science.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将调查影响三个太平洋岛屿沿海环境中海盐气溶胶生产的风，波浪以及其他大气和海洋特性的作用。海盐气溶胶是悬浮在大气中的天然颗粒，在海面形成，是由于断裂和爆裂气泡而形成的。尽管它们的尺寸很小，但它们在海洋大气中很重要，因为它们直接和间接影响现象，包括太阳辐射和云形成。但是，由于科学家对断裂波（尤其是在沿海地区）产生的颗粒的大小和数量不完全理解，因此很难评估其影响。这项研究将使用低成本的3D打印仪器来取样海盐气溶胶，并在多个太平洋岛上观察天气。增强对大气中海盐量的估计以及额外的实时天气信息将改善全球天气和气候预测。另外，使用高质量，低成本，手工制作的仪器可以使学生以独特的方式访问和吸引人，从而突出了从头到尾的好奇心，解决问题和动手方法的作用。这项工作的目的是研究沿海环境在确定海盐盐颗粒（SSSA）范围内的沿海环境中的作用。 SSA尤其重要，因为它们在直接和间接的辐射效应中的作用，包括气雾云相互作用，这在未来的气候场景中提供了最大的不确定性之一。众所周知，很难测量大型粗模式SSA（3微米），因此，对这种尺寸范围的观察很少。使用便携式，低成本，3D打印和Arduino控制的仪器，本研究将定期在多种环境条件下和多个位置测量粗模式SSA大小分布，以便提供一致，可量化的气候学对热带沿海环境中SSA生产的理解。此外，本科生将在O'Ahu的地区学校建造和安装3D打印的自动气象站（3D-PAWS），并将在其他两个太平洋岛屿上提供培训研讨会，以促进Cyber​​infrststructure，并为偏远太平洋岛屿上的大气监测建立能力。这些努力将通过为学习和实施适用科学的基础提供基础来降低障碍并创造机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估，被视为珍贵的支持。