Collaborative Research: ANT LIA Cumacean -Omics to Measure Mode of Adaptation to Antarctica (COMMAA)

合作研究：ANT LIA Cumacean -测量南极洲适应模式的组学（COMMAA）

• 批准号: 2138994
• 负责人: Kevin Kocot
• 金额: $ 41.38万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2138994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ANT; LIA; Cumacean

Part I: General descriptionCumaceans are small crustaceans, commonly known as comma shrimp, that live in muddy or sandy bottom environments in marine waters. Cumaceans are important for the diet of fish, birds, and even grey whales. This research program is assessing cumacean diversity and adaptation in different regions of Antarctica and evaluate this organisms adaptations using molecular methods to a changing Antarctic region. The research stands to significantly advance understanding of invertebrate adaptations to cold, stable habitats and responses to changes in those habitats. In addition, this project is advancing understanding of the biology of Cumacea, a globally diverse and biologically important group of animals. Targeted training of early career students and professionals in cumacean biology, molecular techniques, and bioinformatics is included as part of the program. A workshop at the Los Angeles County Natural History Museum will also train 10 additional graduate students, with a focus on training for underrepresented groups. Project outreach also includes social media, outreach to schools in very diverse school districts in Anchorage, AK, and creation of museum events and an exhibit at the Alabama Museum of Natural History. Finally, engagement by the team in activities related to the National Ocean Science Bowl promotes broad engagement with high school students for Antarctic science learning. Part II: Technical DescriptionThe overarching goal of this research is to use cumaceans as a model system to explore invertebrate adaptations to the changing Antarctic. This project is leveraging integrative taxonomy, functional, comparative and evolutionary genomics, and phylogenetic comparative methods to understand the true diversity of Cumacea in the Antarctic. The team is identifying genes and gene families experiencing expansions, selection, or significant differential expression, generating a broadly sampled and robust phylogenetic framework for the Antarctic Cumacea based on transcriptomes and genomes, and exploring rates and timing of diversification. The project is providing important information related to gene gain/loss, positive selection, and differential gene expression as a function of adaptation of organisms to Antarctic habitats. Phylogenomic analyses is providing a robust phylogenetic framework for understudied Southern Ocean Cumacea. At the start of this project, only one Antarctic transcriptome was published for this organism. This project is generating sequenced genomes from 8 species, about 250 transcriptomes from about 70 species, and approximately 470 COI and 16S amplicon barcodes from about 100 species. Curated morphological reference collections will be deposited at the Smithsonian, Los Angeles County Natural History Museum and in the New Zealand National Water and Atmospheric Research collection at Greta Point to assist future researchers in identification of Antarctic cumaceans. Beyond the immediate scope of the current project, the genomic resources will be able to be leveraged by members of the polar biology and invertebrate zoology communities for diverse other uses ranging from PCR primer development to inference of ancestral population sizes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第一部分：一般描述cumaceans是小型甲壳类动物，通常称为逗号虾，它们生活在海洋水域中的泥泞或沙质底部环境中。 Cumaceans对鱼类，鸟类甚至灰鲸的饮食很重要。该研究计划正在评估南极不同区域中的累计多样性和适应性，并使用分子方法对南极区域的变化进行了适应。该研究将显着提高对寒冷，稳定栖息地的无脊椎动物适应的理解，并对这些栖息地变化的反应。此外，该项目正在促进对Cumacea的生物学的理解，Cumacea是一群全球多样和生物学重要的动物。该计划的一部分包括对早期职业学生和专业人士的培训。洛杉矶县自然历史博物馆的研讨会还将培训10名研究生，重点是为代表性不足的群体进行培训。计划外展活动还包括社交媒体，在安克雷奇（Ak）的非常多样化的学区的学校以及在阿拉巴马州自然历史博物馆举行的展览。最后，团队参与与国家海洋科学碗有关的活动，促进了与高中学生的广泛参与，以进行南极科学学习。第二部分：技术描述这项研究的总体目标是将Cumaceans用作模型系统，以探索对不断变化的南极的无脊椎动物适应。该项目正在利用综合分类学，功能，比较和进化基因组学以及系统发育比较方法来了解南极中库氏的真实多样性。该团队正在鉴定经历扩展，选择或显着差异表达的基因和基因家族，从而为基于转录组和基因组的南极gumacea生成了广泛的采样和稳健的系统发育框架，并探索了多元化的速度和时间。该项目提供了与基因增益/丧失，阳性选择和差异基因表达有关的重要信息，这是对南极栖息地的适应性的函数。系统基因分析为研究研究的南大洋库溪提供了强大的系统发育框架。在该项目开始时，该生物只出版了一个南极转录组。该项目正在产生来自8种的测序基因组，约70种的大约250个转录组，大约470个COI和16S扩增子条形码，大约100种。精心策划的形态参考收集将存放在史密森尼，洛杉矶县自然历史博物馆以及Greta Point的新西兰国家水和大气研究收藏中，以帮助未来的研究人员识别南极cumaceans。除了当前项目的直接范围之外，极地生物学和无脊椎动物动物学社区的基因组资源将能够利用从PCR引物发展到祖先人口规模的推理，以反映NSF的法定任务，并通过评估基金会的范围，并反映了基金会的支持者，并反映了基金会的支持，并反映了基金会的支持，并反映了基金会的支持。