SHF: Small: Architecting the COSMOS:A Combined System of Optical Phase Change Memory and Optical Links

SHF：小型：构建 COSMOS：光学相变存储器和光学链路的组合系统

• 批准号: 2131127
• 负责人: Ajay Joshi
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131127&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; Architecting; COSMOS; Combined

Today’s data-intensive applications that use graph processing, machine learning or privacy-preserving paradigms demand memory sizes on the order of hundreds of GigaBytes and bandwidths on the order of TeraBytes per second. To support the ever-growing memory needs of the applications, Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) systems have evolved over the decades. However, DRAM will not be able to support these large-capacity and -bandwidth demands in the future in an efficient and scalable way. While there is research on a number of alternate memory technologies (such as phase-change memory, magnetic memory, resistive memory, etc.), there is no clear winner among these technologies to replace DRAM. Moreover, none of these alternate memory technologies nor DRAM efficiently complements the silicon-photonic link technology that is expected to replace high-speed electrical links for processor-to-memory communication in the near future. This project aims to address the problems arising from limited memory capacity and bandwidth, which are significant limiting factors in application performance, through a unified network and memory system called COSMOS. COSMOS integrates Optically-controlled Phase Change Memory (OPCM) technology and silicon-photonic link technology to achieve a "one-stop-shop" solution that provides seamless high-bandwidth access from the processor to a high-density memory. The project goes beyond solely using OPCM as a DRAM replacement, and aims to demonstrate the true potential of OPCM as non-volatile memory and in processing-in-memory (PIM) design scenarios. At a broader level, the project seeks to improve the performance of many societal data-driven applications in various domains, including healthcare, scientific computing, transportation, and finance.The research goals of this project are to design the first full system architecture for COSMOS, and then demonstrate its benefits using realistic application kernels, when OPCM is used as a DRAM replacement, in an OPCM+DRAM combination with persistence properties, and in OPCM as PIM scenarios. To achieve these ambitious goals, the project is organized into the following three research thrusts and a cross-cutting thrust. Thrust 1 designs a full-system architecture using OPCM and silicon-photonic links to address the memory capacity and bandwidth requirements of data-centric applications. Thrust 2 investigates the use of COSMOS for PIM, where the stored data is processed at the speed of light. Thrust 3 aims to create mechanisms and methods for application developers and the Operating System to profile and instrument applications for making effective use of COSMOS. The Cross-cutting Thrust builds a simulation methodology to accurately evaluate the benefits of OPCM as DRAM replacement as well as for combined OPCM+DRAM and OPCM as PIM designs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

当今使用图形处理，机器学习或保护隐私范式的数据密集型应用程序要求记忆大小按照数百GB和带宽的顺序，按照每秒Terabytes的顺序。为了支持应用程序不断增长的内存需求，在过去的几十年中，动态随机访问存储器（DRAM）系统已经发展。但是，DRAM将来将无法以有效且可扩展的方式支持这些大容量和 - 带宽的需求。尽管有许多替代记忆技术（例如相变内存，磁性记忆，耐药性记忆等）的研究，但这些技术之间没有明显的赢家来代替DRAM。此外，这些替代记忆技术和DRAM都没有有效地完成硅光子链路技术，该技术有望在不久的将来取代高速电气链路以进行处理器到记忆通信。该项目旨在解决有限的内存能力和带宽引起的问题，这是通过称为Cosmos的统一网络和内存系统在应用程序性能中的重要限制因素。 Cosmos集成了光学控制的相变内存（OPCM）技术和硅光子链路技术，以实现“一站式”解决方案，从而提供了从处理器到高密度内存的无缝高带宽访问。项目不仅仅是仅使用OPCM作为DRAM替代品，旨在证明OPCM作为非挥发性内存的真正潜力以及在内存（PIM）设计方案中。在更广泛的层面上，该项目旨在提高各个领域中许多社会数据驱动的应用程序的性能，包括医疗保健，科学计算，运输和财务。该项目的研究目标是设计第一个完整的系统体系结构，然后使用OPCM propers op prots op prot，在OPCM prots中使用opcm+dram+drom commmem commm commm commm+drane prots commm+drane commm commm+drapin commm+drapine commm+drops commm+方案。为了实现这些雄心勃勃的目标，该项目被组织为以下三项研究推力和横切推力。推力1使用OPCM和硅光子链接设计一个完整的系统体系结构，以满足以数据为中心应用程序的内存容量和带宽要求。推力2研究了cosmos对PIM的使用，其中存储的数据以光速处理。 Thrust 3旨在为应用程序开发人员创建机制和方法，以及操作系统介绍和仪器应用程序，以有效利用宇宙。跨切割的推力构建了一种模拟方法，可以准确评估OPCM作为DRAM置换的好处，以及对于PIM Design的组合替换，以及组合的OPCM+DRAM和OPCM。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估诚实的支持，并通过评估来诚实地获得支持。

项目成果

Processing-in-Memory Using Optically-Addressed Phase Change Memory

• DOI: 10.1109/islped58423.2023.10244409
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: 2023 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED)
• 作者: Guowei Yang;Cansu Demirkıran;Zeynep Ece Kizilates;Carlos A. Ríos Ocampo;Ayse K. Coskun;Ajay Joshi

Architecting Optically Controlled Phase Change Memory

• DOI: 10.1145/3533252
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: A. Narayan;Y. Thonnart;P. Vivet;A. Coskun;A. Joshi