RAPID: Measuring the Variable Composition and Chemistry of a Volcanic Plume Using a Distributed Sensor Network

RAPID：使用分布式传感器网络测量火山羽流的可变成分和化学成分

• 批准号: 2131063
• 负责人: Benjamin Crawford
• 金额: $ 11.61万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Denver-Downtown Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131063&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Measuring; Variable; Composition; Chemistry

This RAPID project supports the deployment of a network of low-cost sensors on the Big Island of Hawaii to measure the production rate of sulfate aerosols during the current eruption of the Kīlauea volcano. Sulfate aerosols are of particular interest due to their role as an air pollutant at ground level that causes respiratory health effects and their role in the upper atmosphere as having a potential cooling impact on climate. A network of low-cost sensors at ground level around the Kīlauea volcano will measure the chemical conversion rates of primary gases, such as sulfur dioxide, to secondary air pollutants, such as sulfate aerosols, and assess how these rates vary under different atmospheric conditions (e.g., humidity, temperature, sunlight, cloudy vs. clear air). This research also will demonstrate the feasibility of using low-cost sensors as part of monitoring and emergency response efforts during extreme air quality events, such as wildfires. The uncertainty about the duration of the volcanic eruption at Kīlauea requires that this work be supported through a RAPID so that the research can be conducted while the eruption is ongoing. The results of this study will have implications for human health, air quality policy and emissions regulation, and climate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该 RAPID 项目支持在夏威夷大岛部署低成本传感器网络，以测量基拉韦厄火山当前喷发期间硫酸盐气溶胶的产生率。硫酸盐气溶胶因其作为空气的作用而受到特别关注。地面污染物对呼吸健康的影响及其在高层大气中对气候产生潜在冷却影响的作用 基拉韦厄火山周围地面的低成本传感器网络将测量化学转化。这项研究还将研究主要气体（例如二氧化硫）与二次空气污染物（例如硫酸盐气溶胶）的比率，并评估这些比率在不同大气条件（例如湿度、温度、阳光、阴天与晴天）下的变化。证明在极端空气质量事件（例如野火）期间使用低成本传感器作为监测和应急响应工作的一部分的可行性。基拉韦厄火山喷发持续时间的不确定性要求开展这项工作。通过 RAPID 提供支持，以便在火山喷发期间进行研究。这项研究的结果将对人类健康、空气质量政策和排放监管以及气候产生影响。该奖项是法定使命，被认为是值得的。通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来提供支持。