IntBIO: Disentangling the genetic, biomechanical, and deep-time factors underlying mammalian skeletal diversity

IntBIO：解开哺乳动物骨骼多样性背后的遗传、生物力学和深层因素

• 批准号: 2128146
• 负责人: Jack Tseng
• 金额: $ 58.53万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2128146&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IntBIO; Disentangling; genetic; biomechanical; deep

Understanding the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors involved in the evolution of life (commonly framed as “nature versus nurture”) is paramount to determining how biodiversity is maintained at different scales in space and time. This project examines the role of nature versus nurture in shaping skeletons and their characteristics, such as evolutionary innovations in locomotion and eating. This multi-faceted project incorporates student research teams assembled from a broad spectrum of educational backgrounds and aims to provide opportunities for students with financial need, those from community colleges, and those from underrepresented backgrounds. A mentoring-research cooperative network composed of faculty, educational program directors, and postdoctoral, doctoral, and undergraduate researchers will provide training at all participant levels. Research findings will be shared broadly through an educator short course and accessible online educational materials.Among the greatest challenges and opportunities for biology in the 21st century is the integration of knowledge from dispersed scientific disciplines into a generalized framework. This project focuses on the intersection of genetic heritability, biomechanics, and deep-time evolutionary patterns to disentangle the relative contributions of each factor in allowing carnivorans (dogs, cats, bears, and relatives) to become the most widespread and diverse mammalian predators in post-dinosaur Earth. To gain insights into the genetic underpinnings of skeletal diversity and variation, the team will use a mouse model to construct a heritability map of phenotypic variation and covariation. This model then will be applied to carnivoran species to test hypotheses that explain skeletal variation in this group. Deep-time patterns over the past 55 million years will then be analyzed in conjunction with long-term patterns of environmental changes such as thermal maxima and ice ages. The expected outcome is an integrated framework to explain the generation and evolution of skeletal variability in a group of diverse and adaptable animals.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

了解生命进化中涉及的遗传和环境因素的相对贡献（通常为“自然与护士”）对于确定生物多样性如何在时空和时间上保持不同的尺度上是至关重要的。该项目检查自然与护士在塑造骨骼及其特征中的作用，例如机车和饮食中的进化创新。这个多方面的项目结合了从广泛的教育背景组成的学生研究团队，旨在为有财务需求的学生，社区学院的学生以及来自代表性不足的背景的学生提供机会。由教师，教育计划主管以及博士后，博士和本科研究人员组成的心理研究教练网络将在所有参与者级别提供培训。研究结果将通过教育短期课程和可访问的在线教育进行广泛共享。材料。在21世纪，生物学的最大挑战和机会是将科学学科的知识融合到广义框架中。该项目的重点是遗传遗传力，生物力学和深度进化模式的相交，以消除每个因素在允许食肉动物（狗，猫，熊和亲戚）中的相对贡献，使其成为后地球中最广泛和最广泛的哺乳动物捕食者。为了洞悉骨骼多样性和变异的遗传基础，团队将使用小鼠模型来构建表型变异和协方差的遗传力图。然后，该模型将应用于美食物种，以测试解释该组骨骼变异的假设。在过去的5500万年中，深度时间模式将与环境变化（例如热最大化和冰河时代）的长期模式进行分析。预期结果是一个综合框架，旨在解释一组潜水员和适应性动物的骨骼变异性的产生和演变。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为通过评估被认为是珍贵的支持。

项目成果

Decoupled evolution of the cranium and mandible in carnivoran mammals

食肉动物颅骨和下颌骨的解耦进化

• DOI: 10.1111/evo.14578
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Law, Chris J.;Blackwell, Emily A.;Curtis, Abigail A.;Dickinson, Edwin;Hartstone‐Rose, Adam;Santana, Sharlene E.
• 通讯作者: Santana, Sharlene E.