Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Effects of Watershed Dynamics and Flood Hydrology on Mangrove Sedimentation in Tropical Coastal Catchments

博士论文研究：流域动力学和洪水水文对热带沿海流域红树林沉积的影响

• 批准号: 2127607
• 负责人: Michael Keables
• 金额: $ 2.49万
• 依托单位: University of Denver
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2127607&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Effects; Watershed

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). Coastal watersheds are increasingly at risk from major floods due to increased sea-level rise and human modification of the landscape. However, more localized flood research and modelling is needed, particularly in regions that lack information on local storm impacts and streamflow. Recent literature has focused on coastal flooding from sea-level rise, with much less attention to upstream contributions of channel flow or localized differences in flooding within the watershed. Often areas that lack sufficient flood information are where extreme floods are likely to be more severe and devastating to local communities. Traditionally, flood management has heavily relied on instrumental and modelling methods and has excluded valuable information on the duration and extent of flooding from locals affected by these events. This investigation advances integrated methods for characterizing the extent of flooding in watersheds. Research on this topic helps to inform management decisions pertaining to local flood risks and ecosystem management.This doctoral dissertation project investigates extreme floods in a representative data-limited coastal watershed by using household surveys and preserved evidence of flooding in the landscape to create a graphical representation of the most recent extreme flood event. These data are also used in a locally calibrated rainfall-runoff model to estimate the timing and intensity of extreme floods. The findings of this investigation help to establish baseline estimates on the relationship between rainfall and runoff. An additional objective of this research is to understand how more recent land-use changes affect coastal flooding, which is assessed by analyzing satellite imagery to highlight major changes in the channel, coastline, and watershed drainage area. To determine how often extreme floods occur on longer timescales, the investigators are extracting sediment cores from coastal mangroves and analyzing for evidence of flood deposits. Combined, these methods provide a robust assessment of past extreme floods and highlight the importance of using multiple data sources and local information to improve flood planning and management. Furthermore, these methods help to reduce uncertainty in flood modelling and provide an improved understanding of flooding in any data-limited region around the world.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。由于海平面上升和人类对景观的修改，沿海流域越来越受到重大洪水的风险。但是，需要更多的局部洪水研究和建模，尤其是在缺乏有关当地风暴影响和流量信息的地区。最近的文献集中在海平面上升的沿海洪水上，对渠道流量的上游贡献或分水岭内洪水的局部差异的关注要少得多。通常缺乏足够洪水的地区，极端洪水可能对当地社区更加严重和毁灭性。传统上，洪水管理严重依赖工具和建模方法，并排除了受这些事件影响的当地人的洪水持续时间和洪水程度的有价值的信息。这项调查推进了综合方法，以表征流域洪水的程度。有关该主题的研究有助于为与当地洪水风险和生态系统管理有关的管理决策提供信息。本博士学位论文项目通过使用家庭调查并保留了景观中洪水的证据，以创造最新极端洪水的图形表示，调查了代表性数据限制的沿海流域中的极端洪水。这些数据还用于本地校准的降雨跑模型，以估计极端洪水的时机和强度。这项调查的发现有助于建立对降雨与径流之间关系的基线估计。这项研究的另一个目的是了解最近的土地利用变化如何影响沿海洪水，通过分析卫星图像以突出频道，海岸线和分水岭排水区的重大变化来评估。为了确定较长时间尺度上极端洪水发生的频率，研究人员正在从沿海红树林中提取沉积物核心，并分析洪水沉积的证据。这些方法结合在一起，对过去的极端洪水进行了强有力的评估，并强调了使用多个数据源和本地信息来改善洪水计划和管理的重要性。此外，这些方法有助于减少洪水建模的不确定性，并在世界各地的任何数据限制区域中对洪水进行了改进的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评估来进行评估的审查标准。