OCE-PRF: Effects of increasing temperature and ultraviolet radiation on copepod mitochondria along a latitudinal gradient

OCE-PRF：温度升高和紫外线辐射对桡足类线粒体沿纬度梯度的影响

• 批准号: 2126224
• 负责人: Kyle Heine
• 金额: $ 26.37万
• 依托单位: Auburn University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2126224&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; PRF; Effects; increasing; temperature

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Our understanding of the mechanisms by which organisms respond to climate change is incomplete. As temperature and ultraviolet (UV) radiation increase, the ability of organisms to survive and reproduce depends on their ability to adapt to changes in the environment. The ability of mitochondria to produce energy in animals is influenced by the movements (i.e., behavior) and structure of these organelles. The ability of mitochondria to produce energy directly impacts animal performance, including survival and reproduction. In turn, the behavior and structure of mitochondria are influenced by the environment. This work aims to: 1) determine if UV radiation influences mitochondrial behavior and structure in natural populations of a marine organism, copepods, in the same manner observed in a laboratory setting, 2) determine if temperature affects mitochondrial behavior and structure in natural populations of copepods, and 3) determine how much the behavior and structure of mitochondria change in the short-term versus the long-term in response to changing environmental conditions. The results of this study will transform our understanding of how environmentally important organisms such as copepods may respond to climate change. In collaboration with the Auburn University College of Science and Mathematics, this work will advance the education and science literacy of students in the state of Alabama. The PI will develop several outreach programs to fit the pre-existing infrastructure at Auburn University to increase the science involvement and literacy for 1st – 6th and 11th – 12th grade students and interact with the community to discuss the importance and relevance of the research for the general public. These outreach initiatives will involve hands-on participation of students in learning about the scientific process, mitochondria, copepods, and the use of microscopes in scientific research. The general public will gain insight into the importance of the research in understanding the impact of climate change on one of our world’s most abundant aquatic organisms. The goal of this work is to integrate observational fieldwork and experimental lab work to further understand the impact of environmental stressors on the physiological ecology of copepods along the west coast of North America. This work aims to fundamentally change our understanding of the mechanisms by which pervasive zooplankton such as copepods can potentially respond to climate change. The PI will collect data on copepods from populations in San Diego, CA, Battle Rock, OR, and Friday Harbor, WA. He will measure their metabolic rate at the point of highest UV exposure and temperature during the day and lowest UV exposure and temperature at night. After measuring metabolic rate, the same copepods will be fixed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to quantify mitochondrial behavior and morphology, including density of the inner mitochondrial membrane, proportion of inter-mitochondrial junctions, mitochondrial density, and mitochondrial area and aspect ratio. Additional copepods from these populations will be shipped to Auburn University to establish lab populations under the same temperatures and UV radiation as measured in the field. Mitochondrial phenotypes quantified via TEM and metabolic rate will be measured following reciprocal transplant experiments in the lab to determine the extent that differences in mitochondrial phenotype are due to environmental variation versus evolved, genetic differences in response to temperature and UV radiation. In collaboration with Oregon State University, transcriptomics will be completed under the transplant experiments to identify the up/downregulation of genes that may be associated with mitochondrial behavior and morphology to maintain metabolic rate differently between the three populations. Copepods are a cornerstone of biological diversity in aquatic ecosystems. As such, it is imperative that we begin to understand the physiological responses of these organisms so that we may better understand the impact of climate change on marine populations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》的全部或部分资助（公共法117-2）。我们对生物对气候变化反应的机制的理解是不完整的。随着温度和紫外线（UV）辐射的增加，生物生存和繁殖的能力取决于它们适应环境变化的能力。线粒体在动物中产生能量的能力受这些细胞器的运动（即行为）和结构的影响。线粒体产生能量的能力直接影响动物性能，包括生存和繁殖。反过来，线粒体的行为和结构受环境的影响。这项工作的目的是：1）确定紫外线辐射是否影响海洋生物体自然种群的线粒体行为和结构，copepods，以实验室环境中观察到的相同方式，2）确定温度会影响线粒体的行为和结构是否影响copepods的自然种群，以及3）在变化中的行为和结构变化的响应程度和结构变化的时间和结构变化，而在短期内构成了多种多样的情况。这项研究的结果将改变我们对诸如Copepods等环境重要生物如何应对气候变化的理解。在与奥本大学科学与数学学院合作的过程中，这项工作将提高阿拉巴马州学生的教育和科学素养。 PI将制定多种外展计划，以适合奥本大学先前存在的基础设施，以提高1年至6至11至12年级的学生的科学参与和识字率，并与社区互动，以讨论研究对普通公众的重要性和相关性。这些宣传计划将涉及学生在科学研究中学习科学过程，线粒体，copepods和使用显微镜的动手参与。公众将深入了解研究在理解气候变化对我们世界上最丰富的水生组织之一的影响方面的重要性。这项工作的目的是整合观察性的现场工作和实验实验室工作，以进一步了解环境压力源对北美西海岸copepods物理生态的影响。这项工作旨在从根本上改变我们对普遍存在的浮游生物（例如copepods）可能对气候变化做出反应的机制的理解。 PI将收集来自加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥的人口的Copepods，华盛顿州的Battle Rock，以及WA Friday Harbour。他将在白天在最高的紫外线暴露和温度下测量其代谢率，而晚上的紫外线暴露和温度最低。测量代谢率后，将固定相同的copods用于透射电子显微镜（TEM），以量化线粒体行为和形态，包括内部线粒体膜的密度，中线粒体连接的比例，线粒体密度，线粒体区域和线粒体面积和侧面比率。这些人群中的其他co脚将运送到奥本大学，以在相同的温度和紫外线辐射下建立实验室种群。通过TEM定量的线粒体表型将在实验室中的相互移植实验后测量代谢率，以确定线粒体表型的差异是由于环境变异与进化，遗传差异是由于环境变异而引起的，遗传差异响应温度和紫外线辐射。与俄勒冈州立大学合作，转录组学将在移植实验下完成，以确定可能与线粒体行为和形态相关的基因的上调/下调，以在三个人群之间保持不同的代谢率。 CopePods是水生生态系统中生物多样性的基石。因此，我们必须开始理解这些生物的身体反应，以便我们可以更好地理解气候变化对海洋人群的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来支持的珍贵支持。