Research at Multiple Scales: A Vision for Continental Scale Biology

多尺度研究：大陆尺度生物学的愿景

• 批准号: 2113842
• 负责人: Clifford Duke
• 金额: $ 75.59万
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2113842&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Multiple; Scales; Vision; Continental

Recent advances in biological science infrastructure, technology, and culture and associated data and information science have given us the tools to begin to refine small and large-scale understanding about how living systems function. Furthermore, these studies highlight the importance of understanding how micro-scale and macro (or continental) scale studies give insights to the living world but how these multiple processes interact remains unclear. This study will explore questions and recommend research structures that can guide biological research across this range of scales to inform our understanding of the relationships and interdependencies of living systems. With support from this award, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Board on Life Sciences (NASEM) will conduct a consensus study to identify how biological research at multiple scales can inform the development of a continental scale biology. The committee will convene a series of virtual community workshops to inform its deliberations. The committee will identify and discuss practices that have been used successfully to translate knowledge, approaches, and tools from small-scale biological research to regional- and continental-scale, and vice versa; challenges that prevent uptake of these practices; and specific research questions that could serve as pilots for implementing research projects that integrate one or more successful practices. The outcomes from these discussions will be include a proceedings, which will be peer reviewed and published through the established NASEM processes.Addressing critical scientific and societal challenges related to climate and biodiversity changes requires a convergent strategy that builds on our understanding of how processes at multiple scales inform and constrain critical processes at continental scales. A critical gap exists in our ability to understand these changes at continental scales and how both top down and bottom-up processes control the dynamics occurring at continental scales. What is lacking is an understanding of how these efforts can contribute to a more wholistic understanding necessary to address rapidly emerging biodiversity and climate changes. The assessment and synthesis activities supported by this award are designed explicitly to provide a vision for continental-scale biology that takes advantage of recent cultural, technological, and infrastructural advances to address the emergence of new fundamental questions and help respond to global challenges to biodiversity and coping with the impacts of the many sources of environmental change. NASEM has published several reports describing the Nation’s environmental and biodiversity challenges which will inform discussions and the project outcomes. The goal for the report is to assist NSF, other funding organizations, and the biological science community in identifying productive routes for the development of continental-scale biology and strategies to facilitate the concomitant reunification of biology across structural and functional scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生物科学基础设施、技术和文化以及相关数据和信息科学的最新进展为我们提供了工具，可以开始完善对生命系统如何运作的小规模和大规模理解。此外，这些研究强调了了解微观如何运作的重要性。尺度和宏观（或大陆）尺度的研究为生命世界提供了见解，但这些多重过程如何相互作用仍不清楚，这项研究将探讨问题并推荐可以指导跨尺度范围的生物学研究的研究结构，以帮助我们理解这些关系。以及生命系统的相互依赖性。美国国家科学院、工程院和医学生命科学委员会 (NASEM) 将开展一项共识研究，以确定多个尺度的生物学研究如何为大陆尺度生物学的发展提供信息。委员会将确定并讨论已成功将知识、方法和工具从小规模生物研究转化为区域和大陆规模的做法，反之亦然；以及具体的研究问题作为实施整合一项或多项成功实践的研究项目的试点，这些讨论的成果将包括一份会议记录，该会议记录将通过既定的 NASEM 流程进行同行评审并发布，以解决与气候和生物多样性相关的关键科学和社会挑战。变化需要一种聚合战略，该战略建立在我们对多个尺度的过程如何影响和约束大陆尺度的关键过程的理解的基础上，我们理解大陆尺度的这些变化以及自上而下和自下而上的过程如何控制的能力存在着关键差距。大陆发生的动态所缺乏的是对这些努力如何有助于解决迅速出现的生物多样性和气候变化所需的更全面的理解的理解。该奖项支持的评估和综合活动旨在为大陆规模的生物学提供愿景。 NASEM 利用最新的文化、技术和基础设施进步来解决新出现的基本问题，帮助应对生物多样性的全球挑战，并应对环境变化的多种来源的影响，该机构已发表了几份描述国家环境的报告。和生物多样性挑战，这将为讨论和该报告的目标是协助国家科学基金会、其他资助组织和生物科学界确定​​大陆尺度生物学发展的有效途径以及促进生物学在结构和功能尺度上统一的战略。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。