RUI: Lorentz and CPT Violation in Particles and in Gravity

RUI：粒子和重力中的洛伦兹和 CPT 不守恒

• 批准号: 2111752
• 负责人: Matthew Mewes
• 金额: $ 13.5万
• 依托单位: California Polytechnic State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2111752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Lorentz; CPT; Violation; Particles

This award funds the research activities of Professor Matthew Mewes at California Polytechnic State University.Lorentz invariance is the mathematical principle which implies that the laws of physics do not depend on the speed or orientation of the experiment through which they are tested. Lorentz invariance is a feature of our two most fundamental descriptions of Nature, the Standard Model of particle physics and General Relativity. The Standard Model provides a complete characterization of subatomic particles and physics on very small distance scales, while General Relativity explains gravity and is relevant on large scales. Physicists believe that these two theories can be combined into a single all-encompassing unified theory. However, decades of research have failed to produce a definitive unified theory. The research of Professor Mewes focuses on an approach to this problem that involves a possible breakdown of Lorentz invariance itself. This breakdown might arise from a unifying theory, and any detection of Lorentz-invariance violation would provide valuable clues that could help uncover the unifying theory. The goal of this research project is to extend the existing theoretical description of potential Lorentz-invariance violations and to identify their resulting experimental signatures. This research advances the national interest by promoting science in one of its most fundamental directions: the discovery and understanding of new physical laws. Moreover, parts of this work will be accessible to undergraduates and will provide research opportunities for physics majors at Cal Poly, a primarily undergraduate institution. Students involved in this research will gain valuable exposure to theoretical physics.More technically, Professor Mewes aims to fill several gaps in the theoretical framework known as the Standard-Model-Extension. The Standard-Model Extension provides a general description of Lorentz-invariance violation in particles and in gravity. One goal is to study the effects in gravity. The gravity sector of the Standard-Model Extension includes many different types of Lorentz violations, many of which have yet to be fully characterized. This work will extend the existing formalism and examine the effects in gravitational waves and Newtonian gravity. This research will also study the effects of violations in particles, with particular focus on interactions and on neutrinos.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项为加利福尼亚理工大学的Matthew Mewes教授的研究活动提供资金。LOLORTZ的不变性是数学原则，这意味着物理定律不取决于对其测试的实验的速度或方向。 洛伦兹的不变性是我们两种最基本描述的特征，即粒子物理和一般相对论的标准模型。标准模型在非常小的距离尺度上提供了亚原子颗粒和物理的完整表征，而一般相对论则解释了重力，并且与大尺度相关。物理学家认为，这两种理论可以合并为一个无所不包的统一理论。但是，数十年的研究未能产生确定的统一理论。 Mewes教授的研究重点是解决此问题的方法，该方法涉及洛伦兹不变性本身的细分。 这种崩溃可能是由统一的理论引起的，对洛伦兹 - 侵权行为的任何发现都将提供有价值的线索，可以帮助揭示统一的理论。该研究项目的目的是扩展对潜在洛伦兹 - 侵权利率违规行为的现有理论描述，并确定其由此产生的实验签名。这项研究通过以最基本的方向之一来促进科学来推动国家利益：对新物理定律的发现和理解。 此外，本科生将可以进入这项工作的部分工作，并将为主要是本科机构Cal Poly的物理专业的研究机会。从技术上讲，参与这项研究的学生将获得有价值的理论物理学。标准模型扩展提供了对颗粒和重力违反洛伦兹的不变性的一般描述。一个目标是研究重力的影响。标准模型扩展的重力部门包括许多不同类型的洛伦兹违规行为，其中许多尚未充分表征。这项工作将扩大现有的形式主义，并检查引力波和牛顿重力的影响。这项研究还将研究颗粒中违规的影响，特别关注相互作用和中微子。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估来进行评估来支持的。