NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2021: Determining the functional and physiological tradeoffs of thermal plasticity on ectotherm hosts combatting a novel pathogen

2021 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：确定对抗新型病原体的变温宿主的热塑性的功能和生理权衡

基本信息

批准号：
2109663
负责人：
Natalie Claunch
金额：
$ 13.8万
依托单位：
Claunch, Natalie M
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Fellowship Award
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-03-01 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109663&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship Biology FY

项目摘要

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2021, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. The United States is home to the highest diversity of salamanders in the world, but these amphibians are at risk of contracting an invasive fungal pathogen (called Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, or Bsal for short) that is responsible for local extinctions of salamanders in Europe. This research investigates how environmental temperature affect different salamander species’ ability to manipulate body temperature and metabolism to influence immune function and combat Bsal. In addition to providing information about management of an emerging disease in salamanders, this project supports the development of salamander-focused education and outreach materials. The fellow will create and disseminate early education lesson plans, host draw-to-learn events, and create informational posters and brochures on the diversity and ecology of salamanders, which will all be made free and available for public use. The fellow will gain training in mentorship of students underrepresented in STEM fields and in laboratory and analytical techniques for application in disease ecology research.Bsal infects salamanders’ major respiratory organ (skin), presenting a clear trade-off between upregulating immune processes at high temperatures while simultaneously increasing demands for oxygen. Through experimental infection trials of Desmognathus salamanders with and without thermal gradients and integrated assessment of functional genomics, behavior, and physiology, this project will 1) reveal if interspecific differences in disease susceptibility and functional responses are exacerbated by thermal environments; 2) quantify the trade-offs and influence of thermal environment on physiological responses during infection; and 3) provide predictions of the adaptive value of thermal plasticity in limiting disease risk. In addition to training in functional genomics and infection trials, the fellow will gain training in niche modeling to project Bsal susceptibility risk across the landscape using information about Plethodontid salamander species’ thermal preferences. The data generated by this project can later be applied to answer ecological and evolutionary questions in ectotherms such as how phylogeny and local environment influence thermal preferences and tolerance, or how within-species variation may influence the capacity to respond to thermal constraints imposed by climate change. The project supports the fellow’s training in development and subsequent evaluation of educational materials for broad segments of the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项行动为2021财年的生物学生物学奖学金提供了一项NSF博士后研究奖学金，综合研究研究了基因组，环境和表型之间相互作用的生活规则。奖学金支持对研究员的研究和培训，这些研究和培训将以创新的方式为生活规则做出贡献。美国是世界上最高多样性的萨拉曼人的故乡，但是这些两栖动物有可能患有侵入性真菌病原体（称为Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans，或者简称为BSAL），这些风险是欧洲萨拉曼德人的局部扩展的风险。这项研究调查了环境温度如何影响不同的sal豆物种操纵体温和代谢的能力，以影响免疫学功能和打击BSAL。除了提供有关Salamanders新兴疾病管理的信息外，该项目还支持开发以萨拉曼的为中心的教育和外展材料。该研究员将制定并传播早期的教育课程计划，举办绘画活动，并制作有关Salamanders多样性和生态的信息海报和小册子，这些都将免费提供并供公众使用。该研究员将获得在STEM领域中代表性不足的学生以及用于疾病生态研究中应用的学生的心态培训。BSAL感染Salamanders的主要呼吸器官（皮肤），在高温下同时提高氧气需求的上调免疫过程之间的上调。通过有或没有热梯度的Desmognathus salamanders的实验感染试验，以及对功能基因组学，行为和生理学的综合评估，该项目将1）揭示疾病敏感性和功能反应的种间差异是否受到热环境的影响； 2）量化热环境对感染过程中身体反应的权衡和影响； 3）提供对限制疾病风险中热可塑性的适应价值的预测。除了在功能基因组学和感染试验方面的培训外，该研究员还将使用有关Prethodontid Salamander物种的热偏好的信息，在整个景观中进行针对BSAL易感性风险的培训。该项目产生的数据稍后可以应用于在等热中的生态和进化问题，例如系统发育和局部环境如何影响热偏好和公差，或者内部内部的变化如何影响对气候变化施加的热约束的能力。该项目支持同胞在开发方面的培训，并随后对公众广泛的教育材料进行评估。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估被认为是宝贵的支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Herpetofaunal ecology (often) makes sense in the light of thermal physiology

从热生理学的角度来看，爬行动物生态学（通常）是有意义的

DOI：
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
The 55th Scientific Meeting of Australian Society of Herpetologists
影响因子：
0
作者：
Claunch, NM;Goodman, CM;Guralnick RP;Barve, N;Kluever, B. Longo;Reed, RN;Taylor, EN;Romagosa, CM
通讯作者：
Romagosa, CM

Investigating the influence of thermal environment on infection dynamics of Bsal in Plethodontid salamanders

研究热环境对无齿蝾螈 Bsal 感染动态的影响