Collaborative Research: Multi-phase Sulfur and Nitrogen Chemistry in Air and Snow during Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA)

合作研究：阿拉斯加层状污染和化学分析（羊驼）期间空气和雪中的多相硫和氮化学

• 批准号: 2109023
• 负责人: Jack Dibb
• 金额: $ 19.47万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109023&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Multi; phase; Sulfur

This collaborative effort will contribute to the interagency-supported Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) program, that includes the NSF-funded Sustainably Navigating Arctic Pollution Through Engaging Communities (SNAP-TEC) project. This project focuses on chemical mechanisms for the conversion of sulfur dioxide to particulate sulfate under the cold, low-light conditions in Fairbanks Alaska. This research also will investigate the ability of snow chemistry to affect air quality. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the chemical mechanisms for forming air pollution in northerly regions, such as in Fairbanks. The following two hypotheses will be examined through a combination of field, laboratory, and modeling studies: (1) Brown carbon drives the oxidation of S(IV) to particle sulfate through reactions involving BrC-derived triplet excited states (3C*) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); and (2) The persistent winter snowpack has a significant influence on the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere (e.g., through release of HONO), as well as on the processing of sulfur and nitrogen. One of the broader impacts of this research includes the development of science modules for local middle school students. The modules will be made freely available to teachers, homeschooling parents, and self-guided students. For the homeschooling audience, the PIs plan to supplement the activities with projects that utilize data from air monitoring networks that leverage active-learning principles. The homeschooling sub-focus is particularly important for Alaska Native and American Indian populations, who rely on homeschooling much more than other groups.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项合作的努力将有助于基于机构间支持的阿拉斯加分层污染和化学分析（羊驼）计划，其中包括通过参与社区（SNAP-TEC）项目的NSF资助的可持续发展北极污染。该项目着重于在阿拉斯加费尔班克的寒冷，低光条件下二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的化学机制。这项研究还将研究雪化学影响空气质量的能力。这项研究的结果将有助于更好地理解在Fairbanks等北端形成空气污染的化学机制。以下两个假设将通过田间，实验室和建模研究的结合进行检查：（1）棕色碳通过涉及BRC衍生的三重态激发态（3C*）和过氧化氢的反应将S（IV）驱动到颗粒硫酸盐向颗粒硫酸盐的氧化； （2）持续的冬季积雪对大气的氧化能力有重大影响（例如，通过释放Hono）以及硫和氮的加工。这项研究的更广泛影响之一包括为当地中学生开发科学模块。这些模块将免费提供给教师，家庭教育的父母和自学的学生。对于在家上学的受众来说，PIS计划通过利用空气监测网络中的数据来补充活动，这些项目利用了利用主动学习原则的信息。对阿拉斯加原住民和美洲印第安人人口尤其重要，他们比其他群体更依赖家庭学校。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子的评估来支持的支持，并具有更广泛的影响。