The Final Step: Establishing the Relations Between Black-Hole Growth and Host-Galaxy Properties During the Last Half of Cosmic Time

最后一步：建立宇宙时间后半段黑洞增长与宿主星系特性之间的关系

• 批准号: 2106990
• 负责人: William Brandt
• 金额: $ 31.8万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2106990&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Final; Step; Establishing; Relations; Between

One of the most important discoveries of the last two decades has been the realization that the lives of galaxies and their central super-massive black holes (SMBH) are inextricably intertwined, and in fact, have evolved together over cosmic time. In a real sense, a clearer understanding of the formation and evolution of one depends on that of the other. Observational studies at high redshift (z = 0.5 - 3) reveal compelling galaxy-SMBH coevolution despite relatively small sample sizes that almost certainly limit a full accounting of the factors influencing SMBH growth. The research team will take advantage of the wealth of existing data from deep and wide-field multi-wavelength galaxy surveys to conduct a thorough investigation of galaxy-SMBH coevolution over low-to-moderate redshifts (z = 0 - 0.8), an epoch covering roughly the final half of cosmic time, to connect SMBH-galaxy properties in the very distant universe with those we observe locally. The proposal will also support graduate research as well as middle/high-school teacher development workshops.The research team will exploit existing wide-field multi-wavelength (X-ray to far-infrared) surveys to identify approximately 7,100 galaxies with active galactic nuclei (AGN, i.e., actively accreting SMBHs), including nearly 200 dwarf galaxies, from a total of 300,000 galaxies spanning z = 0 – 0.8, which comprises a much larger sample than comparable studies. The UV-to-far-infrared data will yield galaxy redshifts, stellar masses (M*), star formation rates (SFRs), and structural parameters, while X-ray luminosities will be used to estimate the time-averaged SMBH accretion rate (BHAR), which minimizes the influence of intrinsic AGN variability. The collected data will be used to conduct statistically robust partial-correlation and multi-parameter studies to address multiple lines of inquiry, such as (e.g.) combining the IlustrisTNG simulation suite with the observed BHAR to predict the z = 0 SMBH mass vs. host galaxy M* relation and assess the relative importance of mergers and accretion on SMBH growth. Other questions to be considered include: do SMBHs and galaxy bulges continue to grow in lockstep over the last half of cosmic time? Do dwarf galaxies “grow” their black holes differently than more massive galaxies, and does the presence of an AGN somehow keep galaxies on the star-forming galaxy “main sequence”?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

过去二十年中，最重要的发现之一是意识到星系及其中央超级黑洞（SMBH）的生活密不可分，实际上在宇宙时间内已经发展在一起。实际上，对一个人的形成和演变的更清晰的理解取决于另一个的形成和进化。高红移（Z = 0.5-3）的观察性研究表明，尽管样本量相对较小，但几乎可以肯定地限制了对因素的全部核算影响SMBH的生长。研究团队将利用来自深层和宽场多波长星系调查的大量数据，以彻底研究对低到中度的红移（z = 0-0.8），对星系-SMBH的共同进化（Z = 0-0.8），一个时代，这是一个与SMBH-Galaxy Properties的最后一半，以相连的距离，以相连的距离为遥不可及的环境。该提议还将支持研究生研究以及中/高中教师的发展研讨会。研究团队将利用现有的宽场多波长（X射线到远红外）的调查来识别大约7,100个带有活跃的银河核核的星系（即AGN，即，近200个declax smbhs），包括近200个decrax smbhs，包括近200个decrax smbhs，一个3 000 000 000 000 000，33000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000。紫外线至上方面的数据将产生星系红移，恒星质量（M*），恒星形成率（SFR）和结构参数，而X射线照明将用于估计时间平移的SMBH吸积率（BHAR），从而最小化固有AGN的影响。收集到的数据将用于进行统计上强大的部分相关和多参数研究，以解决多种询问线，例如（例如）将Ilustristng模拟套件与观察到的BHAR相结合，以预测Z = 0 SMBH质量与宿主Galaxy M*关系和评估对商品的相关性和认可的重要性。要考虑的其他问题包括：在宇宙时间的后半部分中，SMBH和星系凸起是否继续在Lockstep中增长？矮星系是否与更大的星系“生长”不同，并且AGN的存在是否以某种方式保持星系为“主要序列”？该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的智力功能和广泛的影响来评估CRITERIA的智力功能和广泛影响。

项目成果

Identification and Characterization of a Large Sample of Distant Active Dwarf Galaxies in XMM-SERVS

XMM-SERVS 中遥远活动矮星系大样本的识别和表征

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acce39
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Zou, Fan;Brandt, W. N.;Ni, Qingling;Zhu, Shifu;Alexander, David M.;Bauer, Franz E.;Chen, Chien-Ting J.;Luo, Bin;Sun, Mouyuan;Vignali, Cristian
• 通讯作者: Vignali, Cristian

The cosmic web of X-ray active galactic nuclei seen through the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS)

通过 eROSITA 最终赤道深度巡天 (eFEDS) 看到的 X 射线活跃星系核的宇宙网

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202245726
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Comparat, Johan;Luo, Wentao;Merloni, Andrea;More, Surhud;Salvato, Mara;Krumpe, Mirko;Miyaji, Takamitsu;Brandt, William;Georgakakis, Antonis;Akiyama, Masayuki
• 通讯作者: Akiyama, Masayuki

The universal shape of the X-ray variability power spectrum of AGN up to z ∼ 3

AGN 高达 z ≤ 3 的 X 射线变异功率谱的通用形状

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202245291
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Paolillo, M.;Papadakis, I. E.;Brandt, W. N.;Bauer, F. E.;Lanzuisi, G.;Allevato, V.;Shemmer, O.;Zheng, X. C.;De Cicco, D.;Gilli, R.
• 通讯作者: Gilli, R.

Consistent Analysis of the AGN LF in X-Ray and MIR in the XMM-LSS Field

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac37b8
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: J. Runburg;D. Farrah;A. Sajina;M. Lacy;Jenna Lidua;E. Hatziminaoglou;W. Brandt;Chien-Ting J. Chen;K. Nyland;Raphael Shirley;D. Clements;L. K. Pitchford

The Most Obscured AGNs in the XMM-SERVS Fields

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/accea6
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Wei Yan;W. Brandt;F. Zou;Shifu Zhu;Chien-Ting J. Chen;R. Hickox;B. Luo;Q. Ni;D. Alexander-D.-Alex