Collaborative Research: Designer Microstructures by Additive Manufacturing of Functional Emulsions

合作研究：通过功能乳液增材制造设计微结构

• 批准号: 2054411
• 负责人: Eric Markvicka
• 金额: $ 35.43万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2054411&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Designer; Microstructures; Additive

Functional emulsions are an emerging material architecture for creating highly functional elastomer composites that are soft and elastically deformable. However, techniques to control local composition and microstructure of the composite material in emulsions, which ultimately govern material properties and performance of the cured elastomer composite, are lacking. This award supports fundamental research to develop an additive manufacturing technique to control liquid inclusion microstructure in emulsions to achieve unprecedented combinations of thermal, electrical, and mechanical functionalities in elastomer composites. By developing the material and manufacturing knowledge to program inclusion microstructure, new paradigms in composite architecture for next generation functional materials are enabled leading to new applications in electronics and robotics, which benefits the U.S. economy and society. Through a collection of ‘behind the research’ videos generated by team members and a manufacturing workshop for 9-12 grade students, the project provides inspiration and training for future leaders in the emerging fields of additive manufacturing and soft robotics. This project is jointly funded by the Advanced Manufacturing (AM) program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This project establishes the processing-structure-property relationships of additively manufactured functional emulsions that can be cured into an elastomer composite of complex geometry. This is achieved by creating model emulsion inks, processing methods, and in-situ process monitoring to determine how material composition and printing conditions influence material microstructure. These fundamental processing and material insights are combined with new theoretical models for emulsion extrusion to predict the microstructure of liquid phase inclusions throughout a manufactured part. Liquid metal and glycerol liquid phase inclusions are examined as they present distinctly different fundamental properties, but both offer broad applicability in the field of soft matter engineering. In contrast to rigid carbon black, copper, or silica particle fillers that have fixed shape and size, the on-demand control of liquid inclusion morphology via direct ink write processing provides a new and efficient method to manufacture elastomeric composites. During the manufacturing process, the local material composition and liquid inclusion microstructure are actively tailored to control the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of elastomeric composites. By combining printing ink properties and process control with tool design and modeling this work provides new fundamental knowledge to create scalable manufacturing strategies for processing emulsions. This leads to novel model material systems with programmable processing-structure-property relationships to determine physics-based properties of multi-component soft matter.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

功能乳液是一种新兴的材料结构，用于制造柔软且可弹性变形的高功能弹性体复合材料，然而，控制乳液中复合材料的局部成分和微观结构的技术，最终决定了固化弹性体复合材料的材料特性和性能。该奖项支持开发增材制造技术来控制乳液中液体夹杂物微观结构的基础研究，以实现弹性体中前所未有的热、电和机械功能组合。通过材料和制造知识对夹杂物微观结构进行编程，下一代功能材料的复合结构的新范例得以实现，从而在电子和机器人领域产生新的应用，这通过不断发展的“背后”集合使美国经济和社会受益。该项目由团队成员制作的研究视频和面向 9-12 年级学生的制造研讨会为增材制造和软机器人新兴领域的未来领导者提供灵感和培训。该项目由先进制造 (AM) 联合资助。计划和制定了刺激竞争研究计划 (EPSCoR)。该项目建立了增材制造的功能乳液的加工-结构-性能关系，这些乳液可以固化成复杂几何形状的弹性体复合材料。这是通过创建模型乳液油墨、加工方法和技术来实现的。现场过程监测，以确定材料成分和打印条件如何影响材料微观结构，这些基本的加工和材料见解与乳液挤出的新理论模型相结合，以预测液体的微观结构。对制造零件中的液态金属和甘油液相夹杂物进行了检查，因为它们具有明显不同的基本特性，但与刚性炭黑、铜或二氧化硅颗粒填料相比，它们在软物质工程领域具有广泛的适用性。具有固定形状和尺寸的液体包裹体形态通过直接墨水写入处理提供了一种新的、有效的制造弹性复合材料的方法。在制造过程中，局部材料成分和液体包裹体微观结构被主动定制来控制。这通过将印刷油墨特性和过程控制与工具设计和建模相结合，这项工作为创建用于加工乳液的可扩展制造策略提供了新的基础知识，这导致了具有可编程处理功能的新型模型材料系统。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

On‐Demand Programming of Liquid Metal‐Composite Microstructures through Direct Ink Write 3D Printing (Adv. Mater. 20/2022)

通过直接墨水写入 3D 打印对液态金属进行按需编程——复合微结构（Adv. Mater. 20/2022）

• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202270163
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Advanced Materials
• 影响因子: 29.4
• 作者: Haake, Aaron;Tutika, Ravi;Schloer, Gwyneth M.;Bartlett, Michael D.;Markvicka, Eric J.
• 通讯作者: Markvicka, Eric J.