Collaborative Research: Greater New York (NY) Oxidant, Trace gas, Halogen, and Aerosol Airborne Mission (GOTHAAM)

合作研究：大纽约 (NY) 氧化剂、微量气体、卤素和气溶胶机载任务 (GOTHAAM)

• 批准号: 2023761
• 负责人: Kerri Pratt
• 金额: $ 38.45万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023761&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Greater; New; York

The New York City (NYC) region has the highest level of ozone (O3) pollution in the United States outside of California, adversely affecting more than 20 million people. In this collaborative field campaign, 14 investigators from 9 institutions intend to study air quality in the greater NYC region using NSF’s C-130 research aircraft loaded with state-of-the-art instrumentation. Gases and particles will be collected during summer when air masses are influenced by emissions from nearby forests, ocean surfaces, and human activities. This new information will help increase understanding of formation of O3 and particulate matter (PM) pollution. By sharing and disseminating results, air quality agencies in the region and other similar mega cities can take action to mitigate harmful pollution.A 4-pronged scientific approach is suggested to study processes that produce O3 and PM, and that focus on volatile organic compound (VOC) speciation, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) evolution, oxidant concentrations, and nighttime chemistry. Of particular interest is the emission of volatile chemical products (VCPs) that have received recent attention as potentially dominant sources of VOCs in urban environments where they contribute to aerosol formation. A combination of aircraft descents and missed approaches over the ocean and at designated airports, respectively, are designed to provide vertical profiles of measured species, many of which are surface-emitted and have short lifetimes. Weather and chemistry forecasting models will inform flight plans. Results will be directly comparable to those gathered by a subset of the research team during the WINTER campaign that took place over the NE US in February-March 2015. Of significant difference will be the higher biological input of VOCs and increased photochemical activity during summer. Observations will be combined with regional and chemical modeling to improve understanding of O3 and SOA formation in a coastal mega city.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

纽约市 (NYC) 地区的臭氧 (O3) 污染程度是美国除加利福尼亚州之外最高的，对超过 2000 万人造成了不利影响。在这项合作性实地活动中，来自 9 个机构的 14 名调查人员打算研究空气质量。在夏季，当气团受到附近森林、海洋表面和人类活动排放的影响时，美国国家科学基金会 (NSF) 的 C-130 研究飞机将在大纽约地区收集气体和颗粒物。新的信息将有助于加深对臭氧和颗粒物 (PM) 污染形成的了解。通过分享和传播结果，该地区和其他类似大城市的空气质量机构可以采取行动减轻有害污染。建议采用四管齐下的科学方法。研究产生 O3 和 PM 的过程，重点关注挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 形态、二次有机气溶胶 (SOA) 演变、氧化剂浓度和夜间化学。特别令人感兴趣的是挥发性化学产品的排放。 （VCP）最近作为城市环境中挥发性有机化合物的潜在主要来源而受到关注，它们有助于形成气溶胶。飞机在海洋和指定机场下降和复飞的组合旨在提供测量的垂直剖面。天气和化学预测模型将直接与研究小组在美国东北部上空进行的冬季活动中收集的结果进行比较。 2月-3月2015 年。显着差异是夏季挥发性有机化合物的生物输入量增加以及光化学活动的增加。观测结果将与区域和化学模型相结合，以提高对沿海大城市中 O3 和 SOA 形成的了解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命和目标。通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。