Collaborative research: Listening out for variation: An investigation of mono- and bidialectal listeners in the U.S.

合作研究：倾听变化：对美国单方言和双方言听众的调查

• 批准号: 2041081
• 负责人: Janet van Hell
• 金额: $ 32.85万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-15 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2041081&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Listening; out; variation

Is knowing two dialects like knowing two languages? While research has shown that listeners typically find it easier to understand speakers of their own dialect, a large number of listeners have lifelong exposure to multiple dialects, making them receptively bidialectal. This collaborative project explores the behavioral responses (speed and accuracy in understanding speech) and neurophysiological responses (measuring brain activity when hearing speech) of bidialectal and monodialectal adults listening to different dialects. The project specifically studies how context impacts what bidialectal listeners do, testing the hypothesis that these listeners switch between a flexible, but less efficient strategy when they are unsure which dialect to expect, and a focused, more efficient strategy when a given dialect is expected. The project focuses on receptively bidialectal listeners who have long-term exposure to their local dialect as well as Mainstream US English. Participants are tested in both university and community settings using a mobile laboratory (the Brain Bus), expanding on the typical populations used in dialect processing research and increasing participation in neuroscience research. Bidialectalism is a under-researched and under-theorized concept in linguistics. However, the effect that long-term exposure to dialectal variability has on listeners’ cognitive representations and strategies has implications for understanding how listeners process variation in general, and for conceptions of bilingualism and monolingualism as involving different cognitive architectures. By combining behavioral and neurophysiological measures, and building on recent developments in using neuroscience measures in speech perception, the project provides foundational insights on the cognitive and neural bases of bidialectal communication. The project manipulates dialect expectations in two different ways (using visual cues to talker-identity in one experiment, and preceding sentence accent in another), and to different degrees (strong vs. weak vs. no dialect expectations), to examine how generalizable context effects are, and to better understand where listeners draw boundaries between dialects.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

知道两个方言，例如知道两种语言吗？虽然研究表明，听众通常会发现更容易理解自己的方言的说话者，但大量听众终生暴露于多种方言，使他们在接受的双子症上。这个协作项目探讨了双子二十二十粉和单眼成年人听取不同方言的双用反应（理解语音的速度和准确性）和神经生理学反应（在听到语音时测量大脑活动）。该项目专门研究了上下文如何影响双次听众所做的事情，以测试这些听众在不确定期望的方言以及预期给定方言的灵活但效率较低的策略之间切换的假设。该项目的重点是相关的双字听众，他们长期接触本地方言以及美国英语主流。参与者在大学和社区环境中使用移动实验室（大脑巴士）进行了测试，从而扩展了方言处理研究中使用的典型人群，并增加了对神经科学研究的参与。竞技批评性是语言学中研究且理论不足的概念。但是，长期暴露于方言变异性对听众的认知表征和策略的影响对理解听众如何处理一般的变异以及双语和单语主义的概念涉及不同的认知体系结构的影响。通过将行为和神经生理学措施结合在一起，并基于使用神经科学措施在语音感知中的最新发展，该项目提供了对竞争性交流的认知和神经元基础的基本见解。该项目以两种不同的方式（在一个实验中使用视觉提示来对话，并在另一个实验中进行句子的重音）以及在不同程度上（强度与无方言期望与无方言的期望）来操纵方言期望，以在何处绘制dectional sigration nsf的界限，并在何处绘制了界限，并在何处绘制了derection nsf的界限优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。